Title:4 سوال در مورد ساخت شهرک های آفریقایی با سومیک لال

سومیک لال اقتصاددان پیشرو و مدیر برنامه تحلیل توسعه شهری در آفریقا برای بانک جهانی است. او با بیش از ۱۷ سال تجربه جهانی، به ویژه در آسیا، آفریقا و آمریکای لاتین، یک متخصص شناخته شده در سیاست های توسعه مرتبط با رقابت شهری و سرزمینی، تراکم و خوشه ها، زیرساخت ها و ارزیابی تاثیر است.

قسمتي از متن فيلم: My name is Sean McClure I’m a lead economist working in the Africa region of the world bank I oversee the analytic and policy program related to urbanization spatial development and economic competitiveness the recent cities do well is because they are livable they are connected and they are affordable but in Africa what’s

Happening is that the development of African cities is going on a different trajectory they tend to be crowded disconnected and costly both for families and for workers and therefore you don’t see such a close link between economic transformation and urbanization in Africa in fact now with the decline

In oil and commodity prices cities could be and can be a solution for future development but they need to be managed well if you were to look at African cities or study African cities ten years ago you wouldn’t very much know how land is allocated in terms of infrastructure

Housing or commerce but today you know satellites have provided us a whole new way of looking at African cities in the research we’ve been doing at the World Bank for the past three years puts together information from satellites along with information from censuses to tell you where the jobs are located in a

City where the housing is built in the city and where the infrastructure is and what we did is that when we analyze these patterns across 20 African cities we were surprised that these investment patterns weren’t really spatially coordinated and what we also found that this lack of coordination was increasing

Costs costs to businesses and costs of families and at the underlying all these processes were not only the lack of investments in infrastructure etc but the dysfunctionality in the function in the workings of fundamental markets on how land was used our land is valued how land transfers across users and users

Link to that was problems in how people get to work in terms of mobility solutions but also how products are moved between rural and air areas in terms of transportation costs if you do the right kinds of policies you’re going to get a double dividend

Both in terms of growth and in terms of environment protection take for example the fundamental issue of what drives urban productivity the core idea is kale and density density allows people to interact with each other allows workers to get to firms and allow firms to connect to other firms but it is that

Same density that if well managed reduces the carbon footprint of emission reduces emissions reduces the carbon footprint and in fact productivity increases go hand in hand with environment sustainability Africa has about 470 million people in cities today that number is going to double at the same time African cities aren’t really

Creating the jobs in terms of industrial development in terms of service sector that have any scale economies most of the jobs in African cities are in the informal sector are in small-scale activities part of the problem that we have to address is how do we get scale economies in production both should

Policies that have to do with land use zoning etc but policies that have to do with human capital accumulation but a broader issue that faces African cities is some of the key constraints may not have to do only with the city level a lot of national policy distortions exist

And Africa’s growth till now has been one dominated by factor accumulation commodity prices all prices have all contributed to that but today we have a bit of a window where commodity prices are declining an African countries are looking for new sources of growth that have to do with productivity this is

Where cities come in and cities come in because they provide the ability to cluster activities that can provide the springboard for economic diversification we don’t know what these activities would be but we sure know they require human capital and they require coordination and density

ID: WQKlSLuyAKw
Time: 1465326652
Date: 2016-06-07 23:40:52
Duration: 00:04:26

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