Title:2022 NZEUG VRUC – نحو فضایی – SM Waliuzzaman

Space-Syntax: رویکردی برای اندازه گیری دسترسی فضایی

قسمتي از متن فيلم: Hello everyone welcome to this presentation my name is wali i work for ghd today what i am going to present is a part of my phd research and the title of my presentation is space syntax and approach to measure spatial accessibility so space syntax was developed by university college london in uk

And the underlying understanding of this approach is that our built environment and social environment interact with each other so what we do in a space is to a large extent uh define what we uh how the space is configured so how that space is geometrically configured has a

Role to play on what action or can be performed in into that space so in a nutshell it can be said that the organization of our social life to aggress greater extent is influenced by the topological configuration of the environment and by analyzing the spatial configuration uh we can actually

Explain some of the social phenomena such as social interaction or congregation encounters and movements so it’s space syntax actually is a set of tools and techniques that is inspired by from the graph theory and these techniques can be used uh at various special skills such as regional skills

Or serial skills or neighborhood skills or even in an individual building label to study the micro level uh behavior and the spatial configuration and the two photos that i have attached with this slide you can see the bottom one uh that actually shows that every with every movement that we do

Has a geometrical uh association with it for example if we want to move from place a to b it has a kind of linear uh geometric uh uh uh function associated with it uh whereas if we want to meet other people in a in a in a

Gathering place uh that kind of space need to have kind of a kind of aerial shape it need to have it like two dimensional shapes so that it can actually encompass uh the congregation of of people so it’s kind of a convex space that need to be formed

In order for multiple people or individual stand at a particular location and we also see that when we look at uh in through our urban environment uh we see that our visual fields also move with us when we move from one place to another so so this kind of geometries are actually

Associated uh with uh various function that we perform and and this uh this understanding has been long used in urban design and architecture where we are very much used to see like grid iron pattern of of neighborhood or we see linear uh pattern of of neighborhood planning and stuff like that

Which has been has been widely used in various architectural and urban urban design to me so uh i i want to talk a little bit more about what do i mean by spatial configuration uh just by giving you one example so in this example you see there

Are three building building a b and c and uh the left hand side it represents the uh the layout of the buildings and in the middle column uh represents the spatial footprint of those rooms and the third column on the right hand side actually represents the graphical

Representation of the rooms so each of those buildings has actually nine rooms and the only difference between building a building b and building c is how those rooms are connected to each other so in room number a you can see you can take the entry from here then go to your room uh

On the left and then then you can move up to the north uh whereas in building b uh you enter and then you go to the room at the left and then it sets a dead end so this layout this connection between room to room is the only difference but

You see the difference is hardly noticeable when we are just representing the layout of the room or even the special footprint of those rooms this difference is hardly noticeable but if we represent those rooms as nodes and the connection between the rooms as as a links

We can see the arrangements of the graph look very different for for these three buildings and you can see that for building a to go from room number one to room number seven for example it needs at least five uh steps in between to

Take uh whereas in in in room b for room b we can see that the arrangement is much more central like room from room number a to room number four you have only only maybe two steps to be taken ah and for room building number c we can also see the

Arrangement is is very different so so the graphical representation is what we mean by here to say like a space space called a specific configuration or a specific topology uh and this concept can be applied in urban scale as well uh unlike the building example where we

Have a concrete boundary or a defined boundary of a room in an urban setting it is very hard to have a defined boundary uh of an open space uh that is available for people to move or to perform various action uh but this is where the uh the local knowledge come

Handy so if we know the homogenous uh property of a unit it and if it is small enough uh uh then we can define that space as one unit of space and then we can actually find out how that one space is actually connected to our other

Space and similar to the to the other graph that i have shown here for those three buildings uh we can also apply similar kind of graphical representation of those spaces and then uh we can actually perform various graph analytics uh on this graph uh for example we can we can we can uh

We can measure a various centrality like which node or which space is central in this network uh which space has less uh connection with other spaces and things like that and and one of the most uh highly used measure is called local integration uh and global integration as well apart

From connectivity and some other other measures that are being used in a space syntax it has been found uh that these this measures uh highly relates or correlates with uh with how human uh behaves on a space and i’ll come to that later on uh

But here what i wanted to say is just uh just an thought experiment like we know that if i want to go from place a to b and if i ask okay what would be the path taken by an individual we probably will come up with a very

Simple answer that yeah it should be the shortest path so the this is the shortest path you can see on the right hand figure from a to b however people uh may not necessarily take the shortest path uh in metric distances but people may choose uh shortest path in terms of

Other attributes such such as maybe least angular changes so maybe most simplest path that people might choose so metric distances not necessarily give us uh the right measure uh to predict or anticipate a human movement so people may choose the path that is less complex and easy to remember uh and

And this kind of experiment has been run on pedestrian uh behavior uh around the world and it has been found that most of the people behave in a particular way so if we observe a particular neighborhood or a city we’ll see maybe one or two individual going from place a to b

In a very random way which is hard to predict but if we increase our sample size and if we observe more and more people will see that they are actually following a particular pattern they are actually developing a particular pattern and most of the people follow a particular uh uh

Path uh through the urban space and and space syntax argues that this part that most of the people will follow highly relates on the space space topology so the so the least angular uh changes or how least number of steps need to be taken and how a space is connected with other

Species all these things comes into play when it comes to pedestrian movement prediction or behavior analysis and throughout the world this technique has been applied to understand human behavior and pedestrian behavior traffic flows and stuff and it has been found that most integrated spaces uh has also been the highly accessible spaces

For pedestrian movement as well and it has been also found as you can see here like 80 percent of the retail are located on 20 of the most especially accessible street so street uh that are highly accessible are those that has highest or high integration values from the graph analysis

So because retail we know need more people more more flows more more more dynamic kind of environment in an urban setting and highest integration values from the graph theory also uh are associated with those those links or those nodes uh that has that are more centrally located that

Has easier access uh compared to the whole whole network uh and one uh one thing also interesting here is that least integrated spaces like spaces that are more isolated or segregated not very well connected with the whole system also shows the particular behavior and in many research

It has been found that crimes and and other sort of criminal activities are highly correlated with the list integrated list integration values as well one of the example can be trafficker square initially ah traffic square was not accessible for pedestrian to go through the square itself uh but a space

Syntax analysis of uh of uh of traffic square has shown that how the overall integration or accessibility score of the area can be enhanced if the pedestrian are allowed to pass through uh the square and therefore now we see traffic square have uh this this pedestrian paths that is actually

Crossing through uh the square and and now we know that this square is not necessarily just a pedestrian uh crossing uh space but it is also a place where public gathers and and all the dynamic activities that that take place uh when i was uh doing this kind of

Analysis for my research uh unfortunately uh i didn’t have the luxury of using arcgis uh knowledge hub or or or the tool that are that easily has available right now but uh i would i would i would uh i would strongly advise the viewers uh uh to try rds knowledge

That allows to perform this kind of graph analytics and and and perform various uh integration measures on on graphs and and networks so so this is definitely a a a very very well uh service that has been provided by isri so now what i have done is in my

Research i applied this technique to urban informal settlements and this might be known more as a slumps the reason i applied this technique to slums was because i was very keen to study their spaces because it has been so many times i have found that slumps are represented in a very

Negative way as if islam are a very poor space it doesn’t have much more economic function it’s very homogeneous and slum people are crime and and slam itself is a very dysfunctional space it doesn’t it doesn’t function well and you know this kind of negative portrayal and stigmatization of their place has a

Huge role to play for policies such as slum eviction and relocation which which doesn’t actually work in favor of these poor people or of these marginalized communities so i thought i will utilize i will use my space syntax uh technique to study a space of islam and and see uh what

Behavior of the space that we can actually reveal uh through this kind of analysis so uh i have performed the space to space uh configuration analysis and then i have run the local integration analysis on it and i have found that the slum currently the the the the space space

Connectivity or configuration through in this in the slum is has a big hierarchy which means there are there are some spaces which are very highly integrated which are very vitally holding the slums together whereas there are some other spaces as well that are a bit isolated

And not very well integrated or not very well connected throughout the whole system but now that i knew that okay this islam shows in hierarchy of spaces how does how does that correspond with how the islam people behave so i i did a comparison first uh between 2001 and

۲۰۱۸ a special configuration of the slump and what i have found that more spaces has been evolved in last 17 years as the most integrated and most accessible areas there are some areas that has evolved as a much more dynamic spaces as public gathering spaces that should enable the islam

People to do more retail and business kind of activities so the slum the development of the islam has not been not happened in a hepa way but i should argue that it has happened in a very much organic but in a systematic way just like like we have in in cities

Then i i did some gps tracking of those individual respondents to see how their activity actually corresponds with my space syntax analysis and i have found a huge uh and a very strong correlation between the highly integrated spaces and where people stay or perform various functions and i have also found that

Highly integrated spaces were mostly used for public functions such as businesses retail activities gathering movements stuff like that whereas the least integrated spaces are used for more private uses such as washing clothes or bathing or cooking that kind of stuff and one interesting thing also was that despite some places being highly

Integrated or supposed to be highly accessible there was less activities noticed in those spaces and when i actually interviewed uh the my respondent and they said that actually there are contestation going on between the authorities and the slum dwellers so they try to avoid those space despite those space being highly highly

Accessible so this contestation is going on between the authorities and the slam people for for a long and and i was able to visually depict that a contestation by performing this space syntax analysis uh i i then also took the qualitative information from the uh from the respondent to see okay what

How do they describe their spaces and it has been found that when they are talking about most integrated spaces or most accessible spaces they used positive worlds or terminologies such as good business location very vibrant space things like that i enjoy that space and and stuff like

That they have used uh which which was uh in their language kind of a representation of their space of of highly integration whereas they were talking about least integrated spaces or contested spaces they use a very very different languages so with those i i just want to conclude

That uh what i have found that slum people are actively engaged in economic production by making optimum use of their spaces so there is no way that we can say there is space is dysfunctional rather it’s a place that is organized in a way that supports the various functions in the

Best possible way for the slum dwellers and the space in the slums are evolved in an organic way and without any external intervention there has been no planning or urban design but still the people who organize their space has followed the same logic that we would

Follow if we are designing a space in indian urban setting and planners and urban designers that therefore i think should actually support the development of slum by acknowledging how the current space are being used by the slum dwellers for example if we know that particular space is very highly integrated and is highly

Accessible and people are using it for various business and retail purposes probably we can allocate some street lights so that those businesses can run for longer hours so that would be more kind of a supportive role for planners and and development professionals to play rather than following a destructive approach

Like eviction or or or relocating these people from one place to another which does not necessarily solve the problem and and and last but not the least but i i’d like to say that a space syntax and together with this special narratives and other qualitative data can really reveal the hidden

Dynamics dynamics of space the form versus the function and the social versus the spatial duality of space and therefore this tool it can be an effective tool to study micro level spatial behaviors yup and that’s all from me and if you have any question please feel free to

Write me an email uh i i’ll try to respond to your uh question as soon as i can and thank you for your patience and and thank you for hearing me thank you so much

ID: mTcolRIK2N8
Time: 1651622420
Date: 2022-05-04 04:30:20
Duration: 00:18:07

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