Title:مراقبت از کودک

۰۳-۰۱-۲۰۱۱ ارائه دهندگان: کریستن اندرسون، میلدرد وارنر این وب‌کست فقط برای مشاهده در دسترس است، برای اعتبارات AICP CM قابل استفاده نیست. امکانات و خدمات مراقبت از کودک و آموزش اولیه به پایداری محیطی، اقتصادی و اجتماعی جوامع کمک می کند. این امر با گنجاندن آنها در ابتکارات و سیاست‌ها، از کمک‌های بلاعوض فدرال HUD Sustainable Communities گرفته تا برنامه‌های حمل‌ونقل منطقه‌ای و طرح‌های جامع محلی شناخته می‌شود. این خدمات برای زندگی روزمره خانواده های کارگر و سلامت اقتصادی جوامع ما حیاتی است. شرکت‌کنندگان در مورد کمک‌های فوری و بلندمدت مراقبت از کودک در اقتصادهای محلی و توسعه جامعه یاد خواهند گرفت و ابزارها و استراتژی‌هایی را برای تسهیل توسعه تسهیلات و خدمات مراقبت از کودک در ارتباط با مسکن، حمل‌ونقل و توسعه اقتصادی به دست خواهند آورد.

قسمتي از متن فيلم: Hello everyone my name is Cody price and I just want to welcome everyone it is now one o’clock so we’ll begin our presentation shortly today on march first we will have a presentation on childcare given by kristin anderson and Mildred Warner for help during today’s webcast please feel free to type your

Questions in the chat box found on the webinar tool bar to the right of your screen or call one eight hundred 2636 3174 content questions please feel free to type those in the questions box and we’ll be able to answer those at the end of the presentation during the question-and-answer session here’s a

List of our participating chapters and divisions and universities and I just want to thank these for making the webcast possible as you can see our next webcast will be on March 10th with renewing our love affair with cities I want to make a note at the March 11th

Urban retail webinar this has been recently added so if you are interested in urban retail or any of our other upcoming webcasts please visit www webcast and you can also find our complete listing for 2011 you can register for those of choice to log your steam credits for attending today’s

Session you’ll need to go to ww planning or GM select activities by day and then underneath tuesday march first you’ll be able to select childcare and like I said this is already up so after the presentation you can go ahead and do that I all I will also make note of this

At the end of the presentation so if you happen to miss this or you need further assurance I’ll be able to be at the end we are also recording today’s session and so you’ll be able to find a PDF and a video recording of today’s webinar at

Ww utah APA org slash past webcast HTM and this should be up by Monday definitely or throughout later this week it will be up and at this time I will now like to hand it over to Livvy Tyler who will be introducing our speakers for today good afternoon my name is Libby Tyler

And I am the chair of the planning and women division for the American Planning Association and we are happy to be sponsoring this afternoon’s program the topic is child care and sustainable communities childcare and early education facilities and services contribute to the environmental economic and social sustainability of communities

This is recognized by their inclusion in initiatives and policies ranging from federal HUD sustainable communities grants to regional transportation plans and local comprehensive plans these services are critical to the daily lives of working families and the economic health of our communities participants will learn about immediate and long-term contributions of childcare to local

Economies and community development and will require tools and strategies to facilitate development of childcare facilities and services in conjunction with housing transportation and economic development we have two speakers this afternoon and one will be focusing on childcare and economic development and the second speaker will focus on child care and community development with

Examples and lessons for planners in terms of planning and zoning I’d like at this point to introduce our first speaker will be Mildred Warner and Mildred is a professor of City and regional planning at Cornell University she’s a leading researcher on the links between childcare and economic development ways planners can help

Create more family friendly cities and our larger research focuses early on local government service delivery economic development and new community development models for addressing human services dr. Warner’s research explores the impact of privatization devolution on local government and the role of human services as part of the social infrastructure for economic development

Her work shows potential for market-based solutions in public service delivery but also raises precautions about the uneven incidence of market approaches and depressed inner-city in rural areas dr. Warner coder the linking economic development and childcare project and has conducted research across the nation on the role of the early care and education sector

In the regional economy and the potential of economic development policy to strengthen the economic sustainability of the early childhood education sector her website has a special section devoted to the impact of the recession and the stimulus on the early care and education sector so if you were to take note of her website

Which is economic development in childcare org it is full of practical information and related research on these topics and dr. Werner also conducted the 2008 national AP a survey on the role of planners in supporting family friendly cities her research for the presentation this afternoon has been funded by the peppercorn foundation so

We’d like to thank them as well our second presenter is kristin anderson who is a redwood city child care planner as a child care planner dr. Anderson has developed child care and early education policies and strategies for public and private agencies throughout California she is led supply building and quality

Improvements in redwood city for over two decades where the recently adopted general plan includes several new policies and programs her book planning for child care in California which can be obtained from Solano Press highlights successful linkages of child care and community development and Kristin holds

A PhD from Stanford and I would note at this point that the planning and women division website at APA has a conference materials from a presentation that Kristin participated in at the New Orleans conference and the topic of that is child care and economic recovery from disasters so materials from that

Conference are available at that website and at this point we will be hearing from our first speaker Mildred Warner thank you very what I’m going to talk about today is I’m going to give you an overview of sort of for the big picture as we think about childcare and sustainable communities and Libby

Mentioned the website economic development in childcare gorg and if you all would like to you can go and look at that website because we’ve actually put up the materials for today’s webinar are there and some of the articles that will be talking about child care and community development multiple

Generational planning are also up there for you to look at as well in addition on put it down on that same page you’ll be able to find the APA survey from 2008 on family friendly cities which I think you might find interesting what I want

To do today is I want to start by talking about the economic importance of early care and education from a broad framework when you think about early care and education you need it has a pre part effect on the regional economy first it has an effect on children it

Promotes their development and there’s been a lot of research on brain development that shows that most of the brain capacity development actually happens in the first three years of life after that we’re sort of filling from its brains with information but in the first week we are supply for actually

Expanding their capacity to learn and so the quality of early education environments is very very important in promoting human development for children a second piece that a lot of researchers give attention to you and a lot of predators give attention to is book now it is the parenthetical we gave of child

Care as a critical infrastructure and it enables parents to go to work it also can encourage on career ladders particularly for women because research shows that women are out of the labor force for an extended period of time they can have long-term negative impacts on their employment and income earning

Potential so childcare is one of the community resources that enables parents to go to work and funny it’s interesting that the planners actually don’t give as much attention up here as they do to other kinds of infrastructure that support workers about road with about transit systems um

But we often don’t pay for childcare it’s always like I’m hitting on a hidden infrastructure and one that we need to bring out the shadows and give them more attention to you finally we need to look at childcare and its role in the regional economy it’s a critical social infrastructure that supports the

Regional economy and it’s also a sector that has thousands tens of thousands of small businesses and millions of employees many of these are quite small and quite fragile and so providing economic development attention to these industries to be small businesses and workers is something that players can do

Now I like to think about the child care sector as an iceberg most early care and education lies below the waterline it’s something that we don’t see if you look at the very bottom of this iceberg you see unpaid parental care obviously children need care 24 7 and parents

Provide most of that um next up you see unpaid relatives family friend and neighbor care again this is the next most important part of the early care and education sector and these two arguably are the biggest part and as planners we can think about how we can

Support parents and relatives to do a better job of caring for their kids how can we give them their time back by designing trip chaining into our transit systems by designing communities that are more walkable or transit systems that also meet needs of children so that the carting around birding the soccer

Mom or soccer dad burden in any parent space particularly of older children can be can be reduced our people hearing me okay I’ve pulled my mic up to my mouth so you can hear me better i’m seeing some notes that maybe it’s not good is

It better now i hope so um next up just below the waterline on is the informal economy paid family from the neighbor of chocolate providers but ones that aren’t licensed in the childcare licensing system above the water line you see the two groups that are captured in formal

Economic census data are you see family family childcare homes which are very common throughout the country but particularly important in rural communities and at the very tip of the iceberg you see child care centers when many people think about childcare they think about this tip of the iceberg it’s

The most visible and um and yet it’s not where kids spend most of their time but it’s fragile and in this recession it’s particularly fragile because childcare centers have the most expensive care and when parents lose their jobs and leave the center the center has become they

Don’t have a lot of margins so they can actually some some centers have been forced to close and you can think of a center closing as the tip of this iceberg calving off and falling into the ocean if you’ve ever felt your community develop a childcare center when one

Closes it’s very hard to bring it back now when you think about the recession’s impact on childcare these are the things we need to worry about that formal Center care supply will shrink and that family and informal care supply will expand as people lose their jobs and they’re staying home anyway they’re

Taking care of their own children and they might take get a neighbor’s child as a way to help make ends meet but when the economy rebounds it will be diesel informal care providers who return to work in other sectors of the economy so what’s going to happen then it’s going

To happen in the next year or two when the economy rebounds the child care’s kind of the childcare supply will contract precisely when the economy is expanding and this will exacerbate labor shortage it’s kind of hard to imagine right now but we were in serious labor shortage problems in the early part of

The 2000s and we can fully expect that to return because the demographic realities of our labor force suggest that will be the case and so as planners we need thoughtful infrastructure investment now now I had mentioned this AP a survey back in two thousand and pay

That was looking at the role of planners in creating more family friendly communities and we measured attitudes we measured barriers and we also looked at what kind of local innovation planners were doing in addition to this AP a survey there have been surveys of business and chamber leaders across the

Country in fact teams have formed in about 17 municipalities or states with Chamber of Commerce Business Leaders childcare providers come together to talk about what they can do as a community to promote increased investment in the early care and education sector what’s consistent these collaborations is that they recognize

That childcare is a critical social infrastructure for economic development now in the APA survey one of the things that we planners were concerned about is whether or not planners had a positive perspective about families with young children and so in a series of focus groups that we held at the APA

Conference in 2007 in Philadelphia the focus group participants came up with the number of statements that were attitudes that they wanted to measure in survey to see what planners felt and you’ll see on this slide that ninety-seven percent of planners said that families with children are important to grow sustainability and

Diversity one of the things that came up in the focus group was the the role that families with young children play as a consumer population in the local economy and we put that attitude statement on the survey and ninety-seven percent of planners agreed that that was true as

Well um communities that keep people for the whole lifecycle are more vibrant ninety percent of planners agreed with that statement and then we also wanted to link the needs of families with the needs of the elderly particularly as regards physical planning transit systems sidewalks parks services available for people who can’t drive so

They can actually get to them and sixty-four percent of our respondents said that they saw a commonality between the needs of families with children and the elderly there was one negative attitude that we were particularly interested in assessing and this was the attitude that most families do not generate sufficient

Tax revenue to cover the cost of services that they do need you’ll see that only half of responding planners felt that this was true so this is good news actually but one of the concerns is if you look at where a lot of the emphasis is in planning today it’s on

The creative class it’s on strategies that communities can use to attract young professionals or empty nesters people without children people who will not require extensive local services but who will enhance the tax base and the concern is is that we may be building or rebuilding our cities in a way that

Doesn’t give attention to maintaining families for the entire lifecycle and so what I want to do for the next couple of slides is challenge this notion that um the children are too expensive to serve or the families with young children are are too expensive to serve and I want to

Go back to that issue that ninety seven percent said that families were important consumers population i want to just look at the data the Consumer Expenditure survey is conducted by the US bureau of labor statistics look at average annual expenditures by income and by age group and what we’ve done

Here is we grouped together the under 25 to 34 as sort of a proxy for the young professional pre kid age group for 35 to 64 as the likely group to be families with children and the 65 plus age group on to be empty nesters and what you’ll

See is that the expenditures of the group with children is the largest how large is it well the US Department of Agriculture actually calculates what families spend on children and they actually break it down by a low income middle income and higher income but what we’ve given you here in this picture is

The average across all incomes of how much families spend on a child from birth to age 17 it’s almost a quarter that’s a lot of money and if you look at the at the breakdown own after housing which is very much percent the next largest category of expenditure is

Childcare and education now for those of you who have children and child care or know someone who does you are aware of how expensive childcare is from the perspective of parents if you don’t have children in care you may be surprised to know that for many parents their child

Care expenditures is the equivalent to a second rental or mortgage payment her child estimates are that families spend between ten to twenty five percent of their annual income it’s a sector it gets very little public subsidy unlike kindergarten through twelfth grade which is fully funded by the public sector

Childcare is heavily heavily funded by karen’s the other thing I want to point out this chart is that practically all of these expenditures are skirt in the local economy transportation to healthcare it’s possible to clothing some of that would be purchased online and the miscellaneous category you can’t

Be sure we got step but most of this money is going to be spent in the local economy and if you do economic analyses you know that there’s a multiplier effect and mostly every dollar spent on raising children it’s going to stimulate another dollar and you’ve got the

Economy let me explain to you how that works when you’re thinking about linkage effects in the regional economy the first effect is that first dollar you the direct effects on so let’s say we’ve spent a dollar on childhood and then there’s the ripple effect and the ripple effect there’s two important ripples one

Is the indirect effects because centers make purchases and when they make purchases they stimulate other parts of the economy they buy food if I furniture they buy gains a my transportation some of these services they buy locally and so that that entire expenditure that stimulates the local economy some of

These services they buy outside the local economies that a week out to the state on to the nation the second part of the ripple is the induced effects because centers pay workers wages childcare workers make very low wages and we know that low-wage workers in almost all of their income in the local

Economy so low wage workers actually have very high multiplier effects because much like the slide we saw for we looked at expenditures on children lower-wage workers are spending most of your money so you can think that for every dollar that you spend on childcare there’s probably a two dollar effect in

The broader economy not just probably we ran models for all 50 states and these were the average effects of proximal states we then compare these two other infrastructure sectors such as elementary and secondary schools job training colleges and universities water supply and sewage systems and local interurban passenger transit and what

You’ll see here is that the childcare multipliers are as high or higher than these other infrastructure sectors that have traditionally gotten more attention for planners in fact these these models are based on a 509 sector model of the of the regional economy and childcare multipliers ranked in the 93rd

Percentile across all five new tonight now what’s wrong with the child care market first thing is the parents laugh effective demand from the perspective of parents child care is very expensive from the perspective of the child care provider prices are too low to cover the cost of quality care so you have a

Problem here the parents lack the effective demand to demand quality care and that’s why you need subsidies in the system there are subsidies for low-income parents but they’re limited some some studies suggest that only one in nine eligible low-income parents it’s access to the subsidy so what many communities have done is create

Community coalition’s to help subsidize the child care sector and strengthen its both the supply the quality and the access of families to childhood the second issue is also about quality but it’s how do you differentiate how do you sticking that you’re a high quality provider and how does it this is very

Difficult and many states have developed Lisa find quality information rating systems like a star so you can have a five star provider one star provider and even know the five star provider is better this is a way for parents to know the quality of care and choose better

Care it’s also delayed for providers who have higher quality care the signal next from the supply perspective one of the biggest problems with the early care and education sector is the low profitability many of these are for-profit firms or if their nonprofit terms they still have to break even and

This is very difficult in a sector with with low margins and so you end up with an insufficient supply in an unstable supply many child care providers go out of business on a regular basis so the licensing agencies will tell you they spend a lot of time running to stay in

Pledge to bring new providers on as older providers leave the system a lot of business because these are such fragile businesses there are few economies of scale and some of my colleagues have been working on shared services back office support system substitute pools collective purchasing anything that can help reduce the cost

Of the Center for the materials and activities that do not affect the direct relationship of the teacher with the student you want to keep childcare ratios low so that there’s a strong relationship teacher to student but if you can save some money in the back office areas that might be a place where

You could get some economies of scale and as I’ve already mentioned we’re concerned for the session will reduce along its the bottom what can be done well if you’re an economic development planner you can establish a loan fund or you can use pre existing funding sources like Community Development Block Grants

Program even you can use transportation funding to help fund childcare centers and upfront planning or you can focus on business management from planning there’s a lot of work that needs to be done in some states on zoning reformers back in 1997 APA issued an a policy guide on zoning as it relates to

Planning and many communities still do not follow that guide and i’ll get to that in a minute in the next slide on you can link child care to transportation in your planning you can link it to housing and you can make it to employment centers how many of you

When you’re working on promoting an industrial park think about citing childcare I’ve mentioned before we have 70 employer community partnerships around the country these partnerships work to expand services and promote a public entrepreneurship a group people coming together to say what is our sector look like what are the challenges

It faces and what can we do and finally employers are joining the public sector in offering subsidies for child care to their employees these both increase employee productivity increase retention and employees outside the API survey shows that planners lack awareness about quality affordable childcare only twenty percent said yes

To the statement my community has an adequate supply of quality affordable childcare eighty percent said they didn’t know now we know that most communities do not have an adequate supply of quality affordable childcare so there needs to be an education piece that goes here with planners ironically

In simple that same question is asked of economic developers eighty percent of them know that their community does not have an adequate supply a quality affordable childcare and we wondered what’s the difference and we determined that economic development planners talked to business leaders business leaders employee parents and when

Parents don’t have adequate childcare business leaders know they feel their pain planners don’t have that connection to workers that helps planners be aware of the childcare supply problems in their communities the next question looked at whether the community maintain data on childcare only eighteen percent do and only five percent of communities

Have a child care plan now I mentioned that I was going to talk about zoning when the APA put out its policy guide back in 1997 it suggested that family childcare and residential units should be allowed by right here we are 14 years later and only a third of the planners

Responding to this survey said that their zoning and their communities allows family childcare and residential units by right we have some work to do forty-six percent do allow a special permit and forty-one their zoning allows the siting of childcare centers now you might be surprised to note or you may

Already know that childcare in many communities is considered onion the issue I’m not in my backyard issue neighbors don’t like the traffic and they don’t like the noise of happy shouting Jill and so if you do not build childcare into your plans and zoning you may run

Into community problems um we also asked planners if they were providing financial support for the operation of child care centers only fourteen percent good did they use impact fees to subsidized child care facilities only seven percent but Kristin and her presentation next we’ll be giving you

Some examples of this and how many would routinely use local state or federal funding to support child care again only twenty-one percent so we have some distance to go the last question on the survey asked planners if they worked in communities that branded themselves family-friendly and almost half of the

Respondents said yes and when we looked at the answers to the survey from those who worked in family friendly communities as opposed to those who didn’t we discovered the family family communities were more likely to include families in their comprehensive plans so in their goals and objectives statement

They would say things about childcare and children’s services they would also be more likely to include the interest of families and zoning regulations in site plan reviews and give attention to child friendly design and streets housing services and child care and they use a broad array of financing tools and

Involve families and youth in the planning process so this might be a guy if you’re looking to how to make your community more supportive of children um this might be a way to do it finally I just want to let you know that we have some additional resources and these are

All available up on the website um and with that I would like to turn it over to listen good afternoon can everyone hear me yes we can hear you okay so good afternoon to all of you across the country and good morning to those in California listening my presentation today will go

More in-depth following Mildred’s overview I’ll go into strategies for integrating child care in communities and will offer examples of policies and on the ground projects that will illustrate these so families of all socio-economic groups need several types of facilities and services to be successful the most important of course our housing employment and

Transportation to get from their homes to their jobs secondarily if they have children they need schools and child care to provide education and care during the day while they’re working I will skip the definition of child care because Mildred has covered that but today in my presentation I will focus on

The formal sector that Mildred talked about as being the above the line on the iceberg that she showed because this former sector is where local planning policies and practices can have most positive or negative impact and the form of child care sector can be in larger center-based settings or in small

Programs in operators home okay of Mildred provided of some background on some of the reasons sets of childcare hey Kristin are you still talking about your first slide or have you started to advance your slides I have a band might wide because we haven’t we’re still stuck on your very beginning slide all

Right let’s talk here I know I I am viewing the previous version of this and not the one that I have sent you the most recent version let’s see if this is the same shows the same one hmm not clicking through go down to the bottom left and there’s those arrows and

The bottom left it’s the PowerPoint you can click through those okay it’s still not bringing up the most recent version which is the one that I sent for posting on the website so i’m not sure why this is happening but I will go with this previous version um okay your slide

Still not advancing sorry okay so now I did a damn thing no I still see the first slide in the bottom left of your screen do you see the arrow that allows you yeah can you click through using that that is what i’m using ok once okay

Sorry everyone we’ll try and get this figured out shortly in the meantime if there are any questions on living you take a bribe while reviewing the car technical difficulties okay let’s see most of the questions have been more technical I don’t see one yet but feel free to type

In questions on the first presentation while we’re working on getting the other one going so is this still not showing advancing no is your is it logged into your powerpoint or are you logged in to the GoToWebinar like as you might keep hitting like to see the go to webinar

Tool bar but you need to click it so that we can see the PowerPoint so where is that well just open up your PowerPoint again sorry we could also have someone else run it through if we have a copy if you have a copy Cody I

Just have this sick slide per page PDF yeah same here but maybe that’s what we should put up okay yeah when somebody wrote in and said you know they didn’t really need this slides I just wanted to continue to hear the presentation okay i will show my screen and then you

Just tell me when to scroll down Kristen great I Kristen does this work for you like do you see my screen yeah and so just let me know what side you are on okay I’m not saying it full screen though you’re Cody will put it down to the

Slides Iran yeah like I just had a sick slide per page so this is what’s going to have to work all lied felling well I just had the first two because I zoomed in so do you like thee yes so who’s telling what’s live under you’re on yes

Okay we’ll go to the next thing that we do then show the next two then just so as I said I will focus on the foremost child care sector because local planning policies and practices can have the most positive or negative impact in this area and these can be either a larger

Center-based child care preschool settings or smaller programs and operators homes in California they’re called licensed family childcare homes and all these servicing even worse specifically are primarily on child care centers for reasons that you will see so Mildred spoke in the next slide Mildred spoke about the three raise the child

Care and early education contribute in our society and one is optimizing child development and learning the second is parents being able to participate in the labor force and thirdly childcare contributing to local economies and I would like to add a fourth which is that integration of childcare facilities and

Services can support the goals of other community development activities such as affordable housing transit Tod which sorry I didn’t spell out is transit oriented development and redevelopment so some of these other goals of those activities are family self-sufficiency increase transit usage and business development next slides so the

Good news is the first increasing recognition of childcare is critical infrastructure there’s a gradual increase that we see in calling out childcare in policy platforms grant guidelines implementation toolkits and so on as planners and other leaders are more aware of the connection of childcare two working parents housing employment and transportation needs and

Also there are more aware of the unique challenges involved in assessing and needing child care needs and inciting in developing facilities childcare has been in the past pretty much a missing piece in Community Planning and Development but it is an essential piece in the daily lives of many families when you

Consider that parents going from home to work using either their own cars or other means to get there must make a stop at their childcare facility it twice a day it is an important link there that’s why so I mention a few instances where child care is being recognized in sustainability initiatives

And the first is in the housing and human development housing and urban development strategic plan for the current five years in the sustainable communities regional planning grants which I’m sure many of you are familiar with a significant amount of plant were given out just this past year and extra

Points are earned in the applications for supporting the policy goals in the strategic plan and I’m showing you here one of the plan will is to utilize housing as a platform for improving the quality of life and strategy three that is provided here talks about increasing access to high-quality learning programs and

Services through incentives and coordination with other programs the next example is how some local communities are measuring sustainable ong times long term sustainability including child care as one of the sustainability indicators along with water use air quality transportation waste and recycling and these other indicators and locally here in the san

Francisco bay area of the county that we’re located in sustainable san mateo county is an organization that tracks over 30 indicators in annual progress reports and then the community I work for redwood city commissioned a similar sustainability indicators report as part of its new general plan which is our

Comprehensive plan next slide there’s also some records recognition in regional transportation planning and here I’m referring to the San Francisco Bay Area Metropolitan Transportation Commission’s station area planning grants that are offered to our nine County region the station area planning manual that they provide includes the following strategy to maximize writer

Transit ridership through appropriate transit oriented development and you can see the language here about locating key social services like childcare centers particularly for transit dependent population I so should be located close to transit stations and hubs a research study that my colleagues and I did a few years ago

Study of childcare centers located outer near transit stations in California we found that there was higher transit usage also by choice riders in other words people who are not transit dependent but who choose to use transit when childcare was located at or near stations so how has childcare been

Integrated with community development to provide transportation and job linkages for parents and I’ll be providing examples from California communities but I know that there are many across the nation and I encourage you to share those examples with us as we build our knowledge base in this area next slide

This first example comes from the city of San Diego which has been developing these urban villages and this one is in the city heights neighborhood of San Diego and there was a redevelopment that took place over many years to locate in the same closed area all of these

Facilities and services that families of all types people of all ages will need including affordable housing child care health clinics community college and police stations the example on the right is a smaller that similar project in Santa Cruz California also a redevelopment project that it includes affordable housing a community center

That houses a city preschool and a non-profit childcare center which you can see is on the ground floor below the how the unit’s next slides in most of these examples i’m referring to larger childcare centers but there are some examples in California anyway of housing units being created specifically to

Facilitate the family child licensed family childcare supply and this is an example in Salinas California of an 11 affordable townhome project where the units were designed to support the provision of family childcare the example on the right is one of many in California of childcare in affordable housing there are other examples of

Childcare in other other housing market rate housing but there are many more examples in affordable housing this one is of mixed use transit oriented development project in redwood city that includes 81 family sized units retail spaces on the ground floor which includes restaurants and shops and a

Small child care center in the back which you can see on the lower photograph next slide sort of all serve them child person enters built at transit stations around California and in other parts of the country this one is at the commuter Metrolink station in Montclair California which is in the

Greater Los Angeles area of the Los Angeles Transit Authority built several of these on Transit Authority land and with different sources offending the slide on the right shows one example of care at employment centers which makes it convenient for parents to take their children to work and have them close by

This one was built in the ground floor of an office building sometimes these are sponsored by employers that other times not but either by the developer for another agency next slide the next one is a similar example of childcare to serve employees this one is a standalone

Center in an office park that was built on by the city of South San Francisco’s redevelopment agency to support the valuable biotech industry cluster in that city so the examples that I’ve shared with you are not typical child care centers many of you who are familiar with childcare know that the

Majority of childcare centers in the past have been located in less desirable buildings adapted for this use mainly church basements portable buildings on school sites and other adapted commercial spaces however more these particular centers are intentionally designed and built for this use which means there tend to be higher quality in

Learning environments for children and they are very costly because of the unique interior and exterior space needs and requirements and the costly finishes indoors and outdoors and the two pictures I show here are the playground space that’s required by state licensing in California and I’m sure in most of

Your communities and the children’s bathrooms in one of the center’s next slide so Mildred’s referred some to the financing challenges that are part of childcare center development the lack of profitability in this industry results in the inability to finance expensive facilities and so there’s usually a need for multiple funding sources including

Childcare and early education revenue streams one of the publications that I will list at the end of this presentation this particularly addresses these design and financing challenges and solutions for childcare centers built in to transit oriented development that many of the challenges and solutions apply to other of childcare

Centers in other locations so next just some general observations about the factors that we have observed as contributing to success as many of these projects including the awareness and leadership of local officials and planners these people often bring others to the table and are able to create the public-private partnerships and often

The multiple funding sources to support of childcare projects land use and other policy support is important redirecting directing or redirecting resources including funds land and buildings and reducing requirements to enable healthcare facility development next slide and this is an example of this final this last point this is a project

In downtown palo alto california where the city approved offsite parking for the child care employees and short-term street parking apparent drop off to enable this facility to be developed on a very small in cell site the city with a partner and also provided a nominal land lease to

This child pure operator who financed the construction of this facility and another overview of the financing sources that have been used these are only some of them in looking at the examples I’ve shown and other examples that are cited in the resources that I’ll be providing at the end and so you

Can see in this list there’s Community Development Block Grant there’s a transportation housing air quality childcare and other sources of funds the final one is not a direct source of funds that public agency land and building that can be used that are owned by cities counties or transit

Authorities often serve to subsidize the cost of development of facilities next slide so since I’m running out of time I’m going to strictly go through some of this some of the policies that are supportive of childcare involve of zoning codes and permitting processes that facilitate a childcare expanding on

Its own or with the help of local governments and this is for example allowing childcare facility in all or most zones with streamlined permit requirements allowing for reduced or shared parking the next slide shows some other tools that are used for area ratio sumption or bonuses for including childcare facilities space in large

Residential or non-residential development requiring or prioritizing childcare facilities in the selection of a developer for example with an affordable housing project next slide childcare linkage programs that involve either impact fees on new development or inclusionary requirements have been used a lot in California I won’t go into these examples but you can

Read those next slide next slide another strategy is negotiating childcare conditions as with other community development in development agreements for large large projects and then of course support of land use policy long term is for example in comprehensive or general plans having language there that support child care Development so I’ve

Provided from our new redwood city general plan that was recently adopted sampled each slide approp implementation program and my final slide is some resources some of which you can find for free via the link there and the left slide is questions thank you very much okay

This is libby Tyler again and we have had some questions come in and I think we’ll have time for some additional questions if you want to send those in but I’ll just get us started and first question I have is there anybody who can speak to the challenges of locating

Childcare facilities in the central business district of a medium to large-sized urban city where land is scarce and costly I’m not sure who wants to pick that one up if it’s Kristin for you perhaps can you repeat that question sure oh they’re asking about the challenges of locating childcare

Facilities in the central business district of a medium to large-sized urban city where land is scarce and costly and I don’t know if either one of you have had experience with that challenge well we do have there are many examples of that home for example in San Francisco comes to mind immediately the

The challenges of course involves for one finding outdoor playground say that is required at least in California and I’m sure in most other states of the interior space is easier to accommodate in existing or new buildings but the playground space is is very problematic and we do have examples of rooftop

Playground in many cities and wheezing small playground spaces into other locations parking is also a challenge that is often accommodated in the parking requirements that exist for other types of uses there’s minimal staff the need for staff Park child care staff parking during the day and the parent park

For the few minutes that they drop off and pick up children at the beginning and end of the day does not need to be dedicated parking during the day it’s usually a shared parking situation particularly in commercial districts where stores may not open until nine o’clock and childcare often opens at

Seven in the morning and closes at six o’clock at night so those are the some of the challenges and we do address those in some of the publications that we’re offering thank you and here’s another question this is for Mildred question is that nannies make up a huge

Proportion of childcare providers in the question answers community they’re from Brooklyn have you had an opportunity to assess this part of the child care sector and in quotes count many undocumented workers one major problem here is nannies working off the books due to lack of affordable medical insurance so families can i truly

Account for those expenses nannies are not counted in the economic census statistics generally and they wouldn’t even be counted in the licensing statistics because they’re treated as an employee we typically their employee of the family who hires them in New York State in the New York State it’s very

Easy to comp insurance for your Lynn you can have your regular tax advisor would you be able to speak up I’m sorry I’m holding it this better yes better yes thank you for telling me so nannies are avail are covered under workman’s comp in New York State and it’s very

Easy to organize and it’s doesn’t cost that much but nannies are actually there are there common in sort of certain population groups in certain places there was an effort by a group of students from harvard business school to work on an ad network as one way to address childcare issues because in some

Ways you might think of not so much nannies more for the upper income for the lower income you have a lot of sharing providers again from labor care that we’re going to take a cake some kind of a network and there many employers my employer for example from the University provides information on

Nannies for employees to help you find people so there’s there’s more in the area of resource and referral to help parents identify folks and there’s certainly a market here for someone who’s an entrepreneur to start thinking about how to create coordinated and nanny networks that do provide Copelan

Eclipse I’ll to the employees because otherwise you have each parent providing providing that and it’s very difficult when you on our parents have to also be an employer but it’s certainly easy I did it when my kids were young it’s not that hard to pay taxes on folks it’s not

Hard to get the insurance coverages that they need and your attacks okay thank you next question is asking for any advice on creating cooperative childcare centers or services that might involve local community members who span generations a group in our neighborhood again this is from Brooklyn the group in

Our neighborhood is tried to form a coherent development which sounds great in theory but in this urban environment is proved difficult in finding affordable space the question again is any advice and creating cooperative childcare centers or services we have a book on our website called collective management strategies for childcare

Moving stunning as its author and I believe there are some examples of cooperative childcare in that publication there’s also a network of cooperative nursery schools on more common than childcare centers because there are only a few hours a day and parents may actually provide the staffing so there is a there’s a

National network of cooperative nursery schools is still around on Kristin do you want some examples I wasn’t clear whether the question referred to the challenge of finding affordable space for organizing the actual operation of the cooperative and I think the the operation of a cooperative childcare

Center if it’s for working parents is a challenge because the parents are working and can’t be working in the classroom unless they all work less than full time we want anything go ahead okay we’ve got another question here is can you talk two examples of nonprofits

Centers who are finding a way to stay viable after losing many children due to parent unemployment are they taking on market rate families and subleasing or subleasing unused space or centers are they introducing multi-generational programs so this is asking for examples of non profit centers who are responding to chain

In the economy with more parents having to take their children out of a chair because of unemployment you know the experience on this varies across the country the consumer journal did an article on this last summer and I was interested when I was chatting with the reporter that the experience was quite

Varied across the country in some countries centers were closing and in other countries there was more availability of cinder space than ever and of course that could be because they have open slot open slots and they haven’t closed yet on in terms of innovative strategies there’s a number

Of strategies etc here trying to use to increase revenue sources other than just comes from children examples could be within your space for another purpose to the extent that’s allowed by my licensing requirements and over the center had their cafeteria produced dinner so that when parents came to pick

Up your kid when can I take out dinner to go homework I’m going to have a committee tomato hope and sounded like kind of interesting idea you are beginning to see more combination of elder care and child cleaner on so that is a possibility on in many communities

If you’re a non profit center that has some kind of employer subsidy maybe they’ll forgive someone from them for a period hey afloat or in some states they if you have both children receiving public subsidies they’ve allowed the children to continue to go to care even

When the parents are a boy because the parents work and the state realizes they don’t so do you have examples from California well I just wanted to say I wasn’t sure when the question are referred to a non-profit Center whether they were referring to nonprofit publicly subsidized center where they were losing

Children who were on childcare subsidies and so we’re asking about recruiting market rate families and I think that is an important strategy and that is something that the subsidized centers in California have had to look at doing for quite a while before the recession even because the state has not been

Reimbursing them at the true cost of their providing the service and and often the subsidized programs are offering a higher level of quality of care and so if they learn to market to families who can afford to pay market rate that does help to subsidize the program thank you next question is about

Fake care worker employment and it is what is the employment picture for daycare workers it’s low paying but with fewer job requirements and public school teachers have is the demand for job sufficient or must we work to attract workers and this is from Bucks County Pennsylvania again it depends on your

Area um there’s an effort to increase the credentialing of early care sector workers and have the challenges forces if you want to increase their educational background and training you need to give some kinda dull sorry premium for that so middle east eights will have various kinds of premiums

Eager for attention or for getting more training and skills in general like we talked about licensing agencies running in place running fast stay in places licensing facilities and the facilities Claud business for many child care providers the turnover of workers is also very high because the pay rates are

Quite low on the last time I checked it was in the around the seventeen thousand dollar a year range and you can leave to the mall and make almost a similar salary and so people who aren’t as devoted to taking care of kids makes a human salary is in a second so they’ve

Been a lot of work to try to create attention is because one of the most important indicators of quality is the consistency in the future child relationship particularly for children at very young ages so almost all states have detention programs and programs for improving the educational credentials of

Providers and they build in incentives to help improve the salaries of workers and Scofield and Hubert conventions but the issue around on labor supply is going to vary from communities okay next question is asking for any examples of rural or small town facilities that are housed in or next to transit facilities

Either you have examples of rural or small town they care near transit facilities yes we we do have an example that’s featured in the publication on transit oriented development that i mentioned that from the city of Watsonville which is south of Santa Cruz it’s a rural community and there was a

Small affordable housing project built at the downtown bus station that includes a small child care center in there and there was a variety of sources of funding Hughes to build that housing and child fair project for many rural communities that have transit systems but you can use transportation money to help with

Parking lots in our community for example the parking lot of the point of chocolate cake for the transit money we didn’t have a small bus system and it only serves the city and so parents can bring your kids into the choppers in a carpet car there and then catch the bus

On entertaining from that point on or you’ll see the reorganization bus routes to go past jump your seniors but for very rural places if you don’t have transit a transit hub or you don’t even have transit services on you can still use transportation dollars to help you with planning for childcare and thinking

About possibility vancouver’s or maybe a car share arrangement it’s a little bit more difficult in rural areas but the example I must know about ruining of bus systems have one and all right now here’s a question about the international stage and it is has the International sustainable communities

Movement address the issues of child care and they’re saying they don’t see much at the website and I’m not sure which website they’re referring to but the are either of you have any information about the International sustainable communities and childcare I am not familiar with that if this is a

Special organization I’m not familiar with either if the question is about what other countries doing with child care I have looked at other country experience and the u.s. sort of on the spectrum of a lot of public interest and support for child care and went in to mostly a market-based system of the

Other we sit firmly at the market based in system and we have a lot to learn other countries on how you can increase public investment in the early care and education sector in all sorts employees subsidies to the planning to economic development strategy and so yes canada

Europe on there ahead of us and there’s a lot of examples of different organization referencing the question okay here’s a good question and this is one I can really relate to being involved in building safety in my community questioner says that we talk about controlling costs for the operation of child care facilities

However we must not forget the safety requirements for child care and private homes just last week in houston for children died in a fire that started in the kitchen if the city regulations had required fire suppression equipment for that day care the children would be alive today in our community when we

Tried to require fire suppression systems in these facilities as their city council had balked about that I don’t know if you had any comments on that truly a comment more than a question well go back to the Oscar what you need to think about when you’re crafting public policy is how to

Encourage child care providers to come above the water and not push them below the water so I’m a New York State we have very on high child care departments and most of the was its environments in most states are targeted announced a bean ratios and safety concerns health

And safety is a big big issue of an assault as a big piece of what lies loss of certain plants are and what happens is when your licensing apartments become too stringent you’ll have providers particularly family homes that will exit the formal licensed system and go to a

Bloated water line independent corner so when we were doing our counts the size of choppers Hector we found three times as many providers who were illegal with respect to the IRS taxes three times as many as were visible to the licensing system now I think as a public policy issue we have

Very we have very stringent stealth executive harness in New York but they may be a barrier to encouraging some of the family providers to go go watermark certification the senior licensing system and we want to regular legs of school and health and safety issues if this was a center and what they look

They mean by fire suppression system may be installing a stereo system or do they mean having fire extinguishers I mean again the issue you have to think about here is balancing the safety concerns with the desire to have as many of your child care providers as possible visible informal economy paying taxes visible

For the licensing system in the invisible on a regular basis to make sure here at the Italians so that’s the valence that you have to have and it’s always very very difficult because we care deeply deeply about our children and there is such a wide array of childcare setting concerns quite quite

Difficult to organize ok thank you we have another question and states a focus of the webcast is on child daycare are there any issues with adult day care that are different from what we’ve heard today and I’ll just share something from urbana illinois i won the zoning

Administrator we did have an adult take your proposal that was some type of use that our zoning ordinance didn’t address and we were quite cognizant of not acting in a discriminatory fashion against a adults who need daycare as opposed to children so we did provide for the same provisions in terms of the

Zoning locations and the residential zones and I felt particularly strong only about that as I was taking care of my mother at the time and she was in a very nice day care over in champaign in a converted house I knew how important that was for her and for the family and

I wanted to make sure that our zoning ordinance reflected that welcoming ability to have adult day care in the residential neighborhoods but there were occupancy limits at the state level that were different and in the building codes and so we had to reconcile those they didn’t know if you had any other

Examples or experience with adult day care I haven’t I I know that there are a few examples around the country of agencies that provide those at a same location either in the same same building or adjoining buildings and in California both types are regulated by the same community care licensing agency

I would guess that there’s some different land use impact I’m trying to think about for example the traffic and parking issues it may be that that elderly or adults who need adult daycare are able to be transported by vans or other kinds of transit options whereas children being delivered and picked up

From childcare must be brought by by an adult so the traffic impact and parking impact is probably greater in that instance okay there’s a earlier we received another comment which I’ll just mention at this time and didn’t know if there would be any further comments from

That and the comment is that even with capital assistance property owners are often not interested in locating centers in their developments licensing regulations are quite challenging in an urban environment such as a need for outdoor replace space so I think point of the comment was it takes more than the

Assistance there’s a other challenges to locating childcare centers and developments well I had to that I certainly agree with that I think our focus today was on aspects that planners have more control over or local government other local government leaders have control over there are certainly those issues of office park

Owners one big barrier that comes to mind is the concern about liability which I really believe is is a red herring there you know when you look at a number of employer-sponsored child care facilities including by our federal government there are ways to address that that concern including selecting

Very high quality childcare operators and ensuring that there are monitoring systems in place so that’s only one of many and then you have other issues like whether the other uses in a development are compatible with children being there not just the noise issue of having children around but for example in a

Research and development park there’s research being done say biotech research where there’s hazardous materials on site there are concerns with that so we do face a number of barriers and challenges with citing child care in in those areas okay we have a time for just one more question and that’s all I have

It’s kind of a no question but what it is is how big of an impact of planning issues head on child care availability versus other types of issues like quality and economic concerns so it’s a very big question a big of an impact of planning issues had on child care availability

Anyone want to pick that one up well I think it’s one of many pieces that impact our child care and early education system I can think of examples where there was a direct result one example that comes to mind was a zoning example in the town of White Plains New

York that we read about in an article where the change into zoning to allow child care centers in office parks and subsequently there is a child for center both ends is an office park there so there was a very direct example but overall this is a very complicated and

Complex system we’re dealing with and the facility challenges are only part of it the whole economics and parents not being able to afford the quality of childcare that they know is important is it’s a huge thing and that child care labor force issues are are also very

Large but and there are other groups within our profession who are tackling all of those issues this is right we can live on what we can work on and one of the things my nurses work his planning is only and in my community when the planning from the comprehensive

Plan put a statement in there about five care then all of a sudden the question of childcare started coming up with psychotically halls on new developments and like and so it actually made a difference to have mentioned childcare in the vision statement in terms of zoning I know in California there’s been

A law clerk county by county to allow child care areas i right I know the New York State Penashue was dissolved about 20 years ago you can stay off that sandwich shop here was exempt from zoning could be a barrier to childcare I think we work to bring down that barrier

Then we can start yesterday the other barriers which are equally challenging but since we know that in some communities truck here is treated as an md issue if we can get off get out in front of the zoning issues in the site climber Cardinals we then may be able to

Produce the level of NIMBYism um and look on some of the other challenges I think that’s a really great tone to and the webinar today and I’d really like to thank Kristen and Mildred for your great presentations and I know that Cody’s got some instructions for the listeners as

Well yes and I just want to thank you guys again so I just want to talk to you guys about that are still in attendance about logging your same credits for attaining today’s session you will just need to go to ww planning or GM select activities by day and then underneath

Today’s date tuesday march first you’ll see childcare so once you log out of here you can go there and claim those credits and as i was saying we are recording today’s session so afterwards you will be able to find a PDF in a video recording of today’s webinar at ww utah APA org

Web past webcast at HTM and like I said this should be out by the end of the week if not then it’ll be up by next Monday so be sure to check there for that and with that that concludes today’s session thank you

ID: JqqLz85JlKc
Time: 1344354619
Date: 2012-08-07 20:20:19
Duration: 01:29:37

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