Title:فرصت‌ها در خیابان‌های کامل و زیرساخت سبز

۲۰۱۲-۰۴-۱۳ ارائه دهندگان: Kathleen M. Caren، Jim Riordan، G. Wade Walker، Amy Rowe و Virgil Lloyd این وب‌کست فقط برای مشاهده در دسترس است، برای اعتبارات AICP CM قابل استفاده نیست. طرح بشکه باران و باغ باران Molly Ann Brook با برنامه‌ریزی و تلاش‌های حفاظت از محیط زیست سنتی تفاوت دارد زیرا رویکردی مبتنی بر جامعه برای کیفیت محیطی است که به جای راه‌حل‌های مهندسی پرهزینه، بر مشارکت عمومی متکی است. به رهبری دپارتمان برنامه‌ریزی شهرستان پاسائیک با همکاری بخش توسعه تعاونی راتگرز از استان‌های اسکس و پاسائیک، سفیران حوزه آبخیز WMA-4 آمریکا، بخش‌های شمالی هالدون، هالدون و پارک پراسپکت، شهر پاترسون، و برنامه ابتکاری منابع آب Rutgers و برنامه توسعه پایدار Ratgers و برنامه توسعه کم‌تر از Ratgers و Molly. ابزارهای مدیریت تر برای بهبود کیفیت آب این پروژه با کمک مالی بخش ۳۱۹ (h) 2008 از NJ DEP برای بهبود کیفیت آب مختل شده Molly Ann Brook، یک حوزه زیرآب حوضه رودخانه Passaic تامین شد. این کمک مالی برای دنبال کردن دو بهترین شیوه مدیریت توصیه شده در طرح مدیریت حوضه آبخیز مولی آن بروک، یعنی نصب هدفمند بشکه های باران و باغ های بارانی، بودجه ارائه کرد. این شهرستان ۶۵۰ بشکه باران خریداری کرده و تا به امروز ۶۰۵ بشکه از این بشکه ها را به صورت رایگان بین ساکنان و نهادهای عمومی در زیرحوضه توزیع کرده است. علاوه بر این، سه باغ باران در زمین‌های عمومی نصب شده است و پنج باغ دیگر در بهار ۲۰۱۲ نصب خواهند شد. این پروژه با توزیع بشکه‌های باران رایگان که هر کدام به قیمت ۱۵۰ دلار به فروش می‌رسد، بین ساکنان شهرداری‌های کم درآمد هلدون، پراسپکت پارک نیوجرسی و پاترسون، به کاهش یک مسئله حیاتی عدالت زیست‌محیطی کمک می‌کند. ۵۶ درصد بشکه های باران در این شهرداری ها توزیع شد. علاوه بر این، اجرای این پروژه می تواند به عنوان نمونه ای برای سایر جوامع در سراسر ایالت باشد. این یک راه حل برنامه ریزی کم هزینه و قابل تکرار برای مدیریت آب طوفان است که تاثیر طولانی مدت تغییر نحوه رویکرد ساکنان به حفاظت از محیط زیست دارد. این “تغییرات طرز فکر” برای حل مشکلات برنامه ریزی زیست محیطی در هر منطقه جغرافیایی، که از جوامع محلی ما شروع می شود، ضروری است. تأثیرات: بشکه های باران با جمع آوری آب باران از پشت بام های مسکونی در “حوضه های کوچک نگهداری” که به طور استراتژیک در سراسر حوضه استفاده می شود، حجم و میزان اوج رواناب از سطوح غیرقابل نفوذ را کاهش می دهد. توزیع بشکه های باران در مناطقی با بیشترین نسبت پوشش غیرقابل نفوذ و درجه شیب دار برای به حداکثر رساندن اثربخشی مورد هدف قرار گرفت. با استفاده از یک تخمین محافظه کارانه از ۳۰۰۰ گالن آب طوفان جمع آوری شده توسط هر بشکه باران، با ۶۰۵ بشکه باران که تاکنون در سراسر حوضه توزیع شده است، ابتکار بشکه باران Molly Ann Brook از ورود مستقیم ۱۸۱۵۰۰۰ گالن آب طوفان در هر سال به داخل آب جلوگیری می کند. باغ های باران رواناب طوفان را قبل از ورود به حوزه آبخیز فیلتر می کنند و آب طوفان را برای حذف آلاینده های مختلف منبع غیر نقطه ای تصفیه می کنند. هر باغ بارانی به طور خاص برای تخلیه یک منطقه با اندازه متفاوت طراحی شده است و بنابراین مقدار متفاوتی از آب طوفان را تصفیه می کند. سه باغ بارانی که تاکنون نصب شده‌اند در مجموع ۵۰۴۸۲ گالن بارندگی در سال را در خود جای داده‌اند. پنج باغ باران دیگر در سال جاری نصب خواهد شد. مشارکت جامعه: نظرسنجی انجام شده از تمام دریافت کنندگان بشکه باران پاسخ مثبتی به این پروژه دریافت کرد. ساکنان متوجه می شوند که یک بشکه باران می تواند به طور کامل پس از یک رویداد طوفان پر شود و در قبوض آب و برق صرفه جویی کند. برخی دیگر متوجه شدند که گیاهان آنها با آب باران بهتر از آب لوله کشی رشد می کنند و برخی با وجود شرایط خشکسالی نیازی به استفاده از آب لوله کشی برای باغ های خود در تابستان ۲۰۱۰ نداشتند. اجرای طرح بشکه باران شامل آموزش اعضای جامعه در مورد مزایای استفاده از بشکه باران است. یک سفیر حوضه آبخیز آمریکا کارگاه هایی را در مدارس متوسطه آموزش داد تا نشان دهد که چگونه حوزه های آبخیز کار می کنند و چگونه بشکه های باران می توانند کمک کنند. هر سه مدرسه متعاقباً بشکه های باران را برای استفاده در اموال مدرسه دریافت کردند و برخی از آنها برای یادگیری تجربی استفاده کردند. این پروژه به دنبال حفظ ارتباط مستمر با شرکت کنندگان برای اطمینان از استفاده صحیح از بشکه های باران است. دو کارآموز پروژه برای نشان دادن نحوه نصب بشکه های باران، نحوه ذخیره بشکه های باران برای زمستان و پاسخ به سوالات به گیرندگان در دسترس هستند. کارآموزان همچنین به صورت دوره ای نکات مفیدی را از طریق ایمیل ارائه می دهند و با گیرندگان تماس می گیرند تا به آنها یادآوری کنند که چه زمانی باید بشکه را برای زمستان از کار خارج کنند یا در بهار دوباره آن را نصب کنند.

قسمتي از متن فيلم: Hi my name is chris brown i’m the new jersey chapter professional development officer the planning webcast series coordinator and a planner for the city of hoboken i’d like to welcome everyone to today’s webcast green complete streets and green infrastructure it’s now uh it’s now 1 pm so we’ll begin our presentation shortly

Uh today’s today’s today’s uh presentation is co-sponsored by the apa chapters of connecticut and new jersey for help for help ah there it is for help for help during today’s webcast please feel free to type in your questions into the chat box located down at the right corner of your

Screen or call 1-800-263-6317 for content questions please feel free to type those into the questions box and we’ll be able to answer them during the q a segment at the end of this presentation here’s a list of the sponsoring chapters divisions and university and universities whom i’d like to thank for

Making the planning webcast series possible we have quite a few webcasts scheduled for the remainder of spring into summer to get a complete listing of these webcasts please visit www.utah.apa.org webcast and register for your webcast of choice we’re now offering distance education webcasts to help you get your ethics and

Lost cm credits these webcasts are available to view at www.utah.apa.org webcast dash archive you can now follow us on twitter or like us on facebook to receive up-to-date information on the planning webcast series as sponsored by chapters divisions and universities to log in your cm credits for attending today’s webcast please go

To www.planning.org cm select today’s date april 13th and then select today’s webcast opportunities and complete streets and green infrastructure this webcast is available for two cm credits today’s webcast is being recorded and will be available on monday along with a six slide per page pdf at www dot utah slash webcast dash archive

And at this time i’d like to introduce today’s speakers jim rohrdian has been a project manager with fuss and o’neill since 2005 he coordinates the providence office water quality programs previously jim worked at the rhode island department of environmental management during his 12-year tenure he coordinated the rhode island non-profit non-point

Source pollution management and financial assistance programs in 2005 he received the epa environmental merit award for his work on smart growth in stormwater and stormwater programs in 2011 he received the rhode island chapter american planning association presidents award for his work as chairman of the southern new plan southern new planning conference committee

Wade walker professional engineer is the director of transportation planning for fuss and o’neill for the past 17 years he has focused on the restoration of livability livability livability to streets smart growth and walkability his work primarily involves leading the transportation planning efforts for a variety of projects and

Clients often in an intensive design character setting wade has been involved in a varied and many varied initiatives concentrating on livable traffic and the rebalancing of modes ranging from downtown revitalizations to new traditional neighborhood developments to preservation of scenic and historic roadways and design and implementation of complete streets and thoroughfares

Recent projects include the us-64 parkway alternative in bolivia tennessee mountain landscapes initiatives in western north carolina city of raleigh unified development ordinance and street design manual el paso avenue complete streets design in russellville arkansas in overton broad connector cycle track in memphis tennessee in addition wade has presented papers

On context sensitive design at national conferences for the congress of new urbanism apa institute for transportation engineers and the transportation research board kathleen karan is an open space coordinator for the county of passaic planning department she is involved in open space preservation park development and redevelopment as well as farmland

And historic preservation prior to this she advocated for an open space trust fund in her hometown and was subsequently appointed to the open space committee and named chair and 200 in 2004 she was hired as passed county’s open space coordinator she provides staff support and expertise to the county open space advisory

Committee and had previously been also been the administrator for the county agriculture development board she thoroughly enjoys her work amy rowe is the rutgers environmental and resource management resource management agent for essex and passaic counties her outreach programming has focused on green infrastructure in urban environments and green jobs training

Programs prior to coming to rutgers amy worked at the environmental protection agency’s urban watershed management branch in edison new jersey at the epa her research focused on runoff from sealed asphalt surfaces and on the on the monitoring of a permeable pavement demonstration site amy received her phd from rutgers in environmental sciences

Virgil lloyd has over 30 years experience in wastewater engineering he leads the water he leads the water and wastewater practice practice at fusson o’neil incorporated which is a multi-disciplinary engineering consulting firm headquartered in connecticut he is a licensed professional engineer in several states and in several states in new england his

Areas of expertise are wastewater treatment disposal and conveyance systems his focus in recent years is in is assisting communities develop proactive water wastewater management strategies that are sustainable for the long term so as you see we have a lot we have a up we have a good number of speakers

Today and we’re going to have a uh a longer than usual presentation so i just keep keep in mind that we will be going up until 3 p.m with this webcast whereas usually we end at 2 30. uh the good news is we get an extra

Half a half half hour of credit so good times so with that said i’m going to hand over the presentation to jim rorden who will start us off hello everybody i’m jim reagan i’m from fusson o’neill and i am an aicp planner um i’m going to speak today about stormwater green infrastructure i’m

Going to focus particularly on uh standards that were developed in connecticut and then some implementation work that we’ve been involved in in the town of warren rhode island begin with uh the development of new low impact development standards for connecticut specifically for the connecticut uh department of energy and

Environmental protection and then i’ll move on to uh project that i call the greening water street which as i mentioned before is in warren rhode island the objection the objectives for low impact development policy update in connecticut were to build low impact development into their stormwater general permits and their policy specifically

Their policy two policy standards books the connecticut storm water quality manual and the connecticut guidelines for soil erosion and sediment control the connecticut department of energy and environmental protection wanted this to be a partner-driven process it was very important to them that um the folks who were in the regulated

Community were going to be well aware of what the standards were how these standards were going to get implemented and was essentially these groups of folks were essentially on board with what was going on first task in this process was to develop a list of partners we developed a list of over 50

Diverse statewide partners to work with the department of energy and environmental protection to review and incorporate low impact development into their stormwater general permits the reason that they were that they were focusing on a wide uh diverse group of partners was experienced that had happened in a couple other states

Particularly over on the west coast california washington where it had been attempted to bring low impact development into uh general permits and to statewide standards and there have been some very serious objections on uh the part of the regulated community that in some cases were threatening lawsuits

So connecticut was working to uh to try and avoid that process that problem essentially short circuit the issue or stop the issue right right before it starts um by working with partners up front so we we worked with them to identify a list of partners that included

Folks at the federal level epa um other folks at the department of energy and environmental protection uh also at the state level their department of health their dot various folks from the building community as well as municipal partners watershed partners and other non-profits we ran six partner centered workshops

Which really were intended as opportunities to to facilitate input from the partners this is uh an example of the way that we got the word out on this particular project we used a web page that was hosted by the eep and it contained essentially all the project information

From each of the workshops as well as background on the project we also included all of our deliverable products for uh for the project on this webpage and in this way uh it was very easy for the department of energy and environmental protection to uh at the

Before a workshop or at the end of a workshop send out an email to uh each of the folks that have been involved uh each of the folks that was on their partners list and say you know there’s no information that’s been posted and you can find it at this location and

People could easily download it uh and you know of course make comments back to uh the department if you’re interested in seeing this webpage it’s still up on their website and you can find it in one of two ways if you like typing you can put in the

Nice long url that’s up at the top of the page there or you can just simply google it by typing in c t d e p or d e e p the department changed its name part way through this project l i d evaluation and it’ll come up as

One as one of the first couple of search items a major deliverable for this project was the development of specific guidelines for low impact development previously the department had included some essentially narrative information about how to use low-impact development in some of their in some of their policy books including uh the stormwater

Quality manual but this actually included a little bit harder and faster standards design standards for how you build the low impact development best management practice two appendices were developed for their uh stormwater one for their stormwater manual and one for the soil erosion sediment control handbook those are both available

On the webpage that that i just showed you or you can pull them up directly by typing in the urls that are listed on the screen next i’m going to talk about a project that involved the use of low impact development bmps and this project was focusing on retrofit

Of low impact development bmps into an existing roadway in an existing developed area so these were not things that were were being brought in as part of construction of say development or subdivision or something like that this was actually taking an existing roadway and finding ways to retrofit in low-impact development bmps

This project also involved traffic calming and in this way also also fits in with with discussion that you’ll hear a little bit later on complete streets the reason for doing the project initially was to address quality at the town beach in the town of warren rhode island

And uh that that beach had experienced uh significant number of closures over previous years the idea here was uh to to try and uh make those closures so at the start of this project it was unclear what was causing the closures at the beach the town had previously slipped lined a

Storm sewer main or not a storms remain excuse me a wastewater main and had felt that they had closed off that as a potential source of pollution however there was some disagreement about whether whether that had happened uh to an adequate extent or not or whether maybe that lining was failed or

Hadn’t been done properly so we were asked at the start of this project to to identify what the potential sources were we identified potential sources including that sewer main and storm water as the main potential sources in this area in order to determine what to what extent these sources were

Affecting quality at the beach we did a series of dye testing dry weather sampling and wet weather sampling of ground water and storm water and beach water to try and figure out really nail down what the source of the problem was and as a result of this we determined that that sewer lining

Was in fact not working properly that might make sense actually to replace the sewer in its entirety since the sewer lining had not you know had not seemed to work the first time around we also noted that storm water was a problem in the area and that a good way to address storm

Water would be through green infrastructure and um that it would make sense since the road would need to be pulled up in order to put in the new sewer line to replace the sewer lines to address pedestrian traffic conflicts that were existing between a park that you can see on the right

Hand side and the beach that you can see on the left hand side of the picture on the screen so we pulled together a scope of work and identified specific goals specific goals were to reduce pathogens at the beach better manage drainage through green infrastructure better manage waste water

Through the replacement of the sewer pipe improve beach water quality and also improve traffic management we started it with an initial phase of the project that included feasibility study of these three main issues the storm water the wastewater and the traffic management following that we did a second phase of

The project which was more thorough design and permitting during that which occurred a couple of years ago we determined that the site might contain some very significant historic artifacts uh as it turned out it was a native american burial ground at one point in time and so that delayed moving forward with

Construction of the project we’re expecting that to happen um later this year but through this process i think we probably uh you know come up with a better design approach we worked closely with neighborhood folks in the area to really try and come up with with an approach that would work well

For them in terms of managing the traffic and in terms of using stormwater infrastructure that would be aesthetically pleasing to them here is uh before and after of uh of the site as i mentioned it’s not constructed yet so so this is uh this is a virtual uh before and after

Uh renderings essentially so you can see the proposed view up on the top and the existing view on the bottom uh the street in the proposed view will be lined with bioretention it will also include traffic management um such as raised walkways and these raised walkways will be textured and uh

And dyed so that they have the look of brick which will make them look nicer will also stand out better and discourage you know essentially high-speed traffic in this area we’ve also included pervious pavement um in the park area and so you can see that folks who uh would come

Come to the beach would be able to park uh in the parking lot and directly walk across um a uh a raised area uh that was uh pretty well uh demarcated so that so the traffic would be able to see and would notice slow down uh and storm water

Would be managed as well you can’t see it in this particular rendering but closer to the entrance of the beach which is uh in background a little bit uh there will also be a drop-off location so that if you have young kids you can drop people off close to the

Beach that was actually something that came out of the neighborhood meeting financing for water street important aspect of any project is of course being able to come up with financing for it and um as is the case with most municipalities the town war in rhode island was not

Made out of money and needed to look to external sources to potentially gather some funding the initial stormwater or wet weather and dry weather studies that we did that identified the sources of pollution were funded directly through the town those amounted to about twenty thousand dollars up front

Um the town was then able to uh leverage an existing uh non-point source grant or a 319 age grant sometimes people refer to them as that that they had reprogrammed that to work specifically on this project it had been actually taken for another purpose but it was

Close enough to this that they were able to reprogram it develop a feasibility approach that we were then able to review with uh with the town staff and later the neighborhood in charrette style meetings and then ultimately they were able to take the results of the design work that was

Done from this and bring that to the rhode island department of environmental management and request an srf loan they received authorization for an srf loan of 3.3 million dollars uh it was uh partially uh an era grant i’m sure you guys will remember those from a couple of years back and it was

Specific for green infrastructure because of the low impact development bmps that we had included um this became a green infrastructure project which meant that they got a much better uh loan rate on this and they actually got principal forgiveness of 13 of the of the total principal on the on

The project so it’s essentially a partial grant partial loan if you want to look at it that way a couple of key points here about what made this project attractive to funders and to move forward i think in general with them with the town clearly documented pollution problem all

That work that we had done up front uh sampling and determining what the sources were really made this uh an easy to explain project to the general public and to potential funders the importance of the water resource in this area as you recall this is a town

Beach uh it’s town beach that had experienced significant closures it’s obviously an area that folks wanted to restore to its original quality or desired quality clear implementation approach we developed plans and designs up front that we were able to show people and show exactly what it was that we wanted to do and

When and the kind of buy-in that we had on the project demonstration of low impact development for green street this is actually uh one of the very few green streets that have been uh implemented in the new england area um i believe uh you know it’ll get built

Most likely this summer i believe it’ll be the second one in new england overall so demonstration of this kind of approach was something that i think was very attractive to funding agencies and then general agreement amongst stakeholders we spent a lot of time working with the neighborhood working with

State and municipal authorities and also with with the native american constituency in this area as well as federal groups to make sure that everybody was on board with this and that this was going to be a successful project with that i’m going to turn speaking over to wade walker okay thank thanks jim

And my topic today is is complete streets and i like to refer to it as making room for everyone because when it really gets down to it complete streets um is not just about moving cars it’s about moving people and how do we move people to their destinations something that we

Seem to have lost track of in in recent years because if we look at a lot of our older cities and older downtowns and fabric we’ve you know we we’ve known how to build really great communities from the from pretty much the time that that we’ve been building communities so what happened

Well it’s the uh the the four wheeled uh vehicle uh and the freedom that was associated with it and uh all of the all of the unintended consequences that came along with uh with the car uh current in and of itself really wasn’t uh didn’t cause the issue

What really did was that we and us um including we because i am a traffic engineer we actually started accommodating not only accommodating but basically designing our transportation facilities for the automobile not necessarily to move people but to move vehicles as quickly as possible as if nothing else mattered

We started emphasizing things like capacity efficiency this level of service for the vehicles and making sure that we minimize vehicle delay what one of those consequences is that we’ve really made it very very difficult for for people using these facilities as well uh and we’ve even gone to the

Even gone to the extent that sometimes in design guidelines one some of the things we saw was that you couldn’t build a road that had a speed limit lower than 45 miles an hour we couldn’t have lane widths less than 12 or 11 feet we even went through a period

Where we were not building two lane roads two lane roads were just simply simply not good enough if we needed additional capacity we needed to do it then we stripped roads of on-street parking in the name of throughput as well as removing street trees furniture and thereby pedestrians all in the name of

Clear zone requirements so have we started getting back to it well the public has spoken and people want to live in walkable communities they want walkable areas uh our guidelines a lot of the states and local design guidance did not allow that to happen under under design standards so what

We’ve what we’ve now done is through the efforts of collaborations such as the ite and congress from new urbanism we’ve come up with sets of guidelines that are specific to these walkable urban areas whenever we try to apply highway standards in these urban areas we fail miserably from a uh from a

People’s standpoint do it do a great job in moving cars but that’s pretty much all so a few a few years back uh institute for transportation engineers and the congressman urbanism got together and decided to to develop a set of guidelines that really go toward helping us build walkable facilities in

More urban areas and the the slide that you’re seeing is a result of that uh the the recommended practice uh designing walkable urban thoroughfares a context-sensitive approach and it really does go back to recognizing one of the basic tenets that was all often overlooked in the in our national design guidance the ashtow

Green book in the preface it tells us very clearly that we should we as traffic engineers should be designing two contacts into the surroundings and that other things do matter such as community and the natural and built environment but this guidance goes a little further in actually giving an

Engineer or designer some some guidance as to how to how to actually accommodate and um and build walkable kinds of infrastructure within communities what that’s all led to is the whole idea of complete streets and we hear the term a lot uh in our practice but whenever you really boil it

Down to its simple simplest element complete streets are really streets for everyone regardless of if they’re on foot on a bike using transit or in a car it really is about making it making it easy for all the different modes both motorized and non-motorized to co-exist within the shared open space

In the greater greater realm of a community it really we’re really seeing this the whole idea of complete streets mirrored in our emerging transportation philosophy because most projects now are getting done uh with with these thoughts and they in uh with these thoughts at a forefront and

As one of the guiding principles so you know complete streets really are about livability and balance we understand now that we really need to focus on integrating the land use and the transportation improvements we want to make sure that things are seamless not only from a street network

Standpoint but as you cross mode so people can walk can catch a bus they can easily walk to where they’re going they can put their bike on a bus uh or or utilize a park and ride a network and be fully interconnected through all of those we also want to

Make sure that we use the inherent flexibility in roadway design so that we can build facilities that blend into both the natural and built environments and don’t scar it and finally the the last bullet point we’ve really come more about doing the design out of the vacuum out of the cubicle

Being more collaborative interdisciplinary and bringing the community into the kitchen uh as as these projects are are designed so whenever we boil it down complete streets really are respect the overall context they’re very well connected again not not just from a roadway network standpoint or or connectivity for one mode but

Connectivity between modes really want to eliminate those scenes if we can uh we go beyond the travel and go beyond the pavement uh think behind think beyond the curves and really start to identify these different realms and enhance these different realms and and tailor them to each of the users

Whether they’re motorized non-motorized walking biking buses as well and and make the interfaces between all of those much much more seamless and uh what because at the end of the day what we found is that really uh the size and the character of the road just really defines uh the overall urban environment

Um you know this this is a street that’s in serious need of traffic calming but um people still want to be able to walk from destination to destination uh and so the the principles of complete streets really allow those kinds of things to happen one of the other things that we start to

Look at within the the component of the street is to really start to look at how how do people feel comfortable on a street so it really is about getting the the vertical and the horizontal distances uh correct because really people want to feel enclosed and by really addressing the height of the

Land uses on the on the street edges and making an appropriate size street you can really start to start to make people feel a lot more comfortable uh within the space we’re doing a lot of this through through integrating the transportation engineering along with the land use in

The in the realm of form-based coding as well and again it really does start to come back to respecting the overall context a road in a very rural area should and will be very different than one in a much more urban area it’s not to say that one can’t adhere to

The principles of complete streets because they certainly all can it’s just how you meet those criteria can be different uh depending on where you are within within a transect and some of the ways that we actually are able to integrate and implement these kinds of streets are through land development ordinances and

Form-based codes we we do actually code street typologies right into a lot of a lot of our code work in that we want to make sure that these these different typologies really do respect and respond to the overall built built and natural environment we definitely go beyond the arterial collector and local street

Functional class we’re looking at many many tailored kinds of classifications of roadways that have flexibility built into them for the for the land uses adjacent to them but all of them we want to make sure that we we do incorporate principles of walkability and complete streets in those as well

So again really looking at the different zones on the street side to be able to provide those spaces as well and the street side spaces we put those we make sure those are right into the design because we do look at the overall holistic streetscape so we define these uh these zones so

From a transition zone from the vehicle space to an amenity and furnishing zone to the walking walking zone on the street side and then to a frontage zone where people can shop or dine outdoors and interact with with the rest of the community but to do that we do have to make sure

That we we are inherently walkable and that we’re not creating conflicts between motor vehicles and and and the pedestrians we want to make sure that that they’re as safe as possible and we want to make sure that within these zones we provide for closing those gaps between walking and motor vehicles

And other modes of transportation so we want to be sure that we can provide bike parking we can provide a transit interface we give people a place to park and even looking at configurations on parking such as the example shown in the uh in the left-hand uh left-hand bottom

Photograph which is a back-end angle parking so again really starting to enhance uh those those different streetscapes and zones and and not discounting the use of materials to be able to uh to be able to define uh and highlight those realms one place that we’ve really come a long way

In the past few years is through our our design of bike facilities and really recognizing the bicycle as not just a recreational mode of transportation but a viable form of transportation for commuters as well some guidance that we’ve now that we’ve recently received from the bikeway design group

From the national association of city and transportation officials nacto if you haven’t seen the nakto urban urban bikeway design guide yet i suggest that you you check out their website because it gives us some great guidance on the the range of facilities that we can incorporate to provide for bike facilities it really

Does go beyond bike lanes and fine droughts we we can now use shareros a lot of cities are starting to experiment with cycle tracks and they’re getting and it’s cities outside of the realm of the rarefied heirs of portland new york and dc uh even smaller cities are doing that

And we’re finding ways to actually use investments uh or reallocate assets such as drainage corridors or utility corridors to create more urban multi-use trails as we can we’ve also changed our thinking somewhat with regard to vehicle travel lanes we know that uh it’s kind of interesting that

Traffic engineering is one of the only math-based sciences where one plus one does not necessarily equal two uh four-lane road does not carry as much cannot carry as much traffic as two separated two lane roads so it really allows us to to explore some things like the four-lane undivided to three-lane

Divided road diet with a very similar road carrying capacity and much much higher safety and ability to reallocate that pavement asset for for other other uses such as bicycles and we also know that by reducing lane width we can also reduce speeds as well because whenever we really get

Down to the safety factor the biggest issue is the vehicle speeds as a pedestrian if you’re struck by a vehicle at 20 miles an hour you have about an 85 to 95 chance of survival that drops to 15 when you double the speed of the vehicle

And uh it’s kind of like usain bolt running right at you in lane number lane number four and running right over you can imagine what kind of collision that would that would have so another element of the complete streets is the idea of getting medians landscaping streetscape and these are golden

Opportunities to dovetail into um into more green streets principles rain gardens bioretention bioswales uh and we’re seeing that that kind of use uh started in a lot of places and then again we want to make sure that we certainly accommodate all of the other issues transit freight certainly emergency vehicles

Fire departments are learning that that they they can downsize vehicles uh and and get more multi-use to serve some of these areas and then really making sure that that we handle our transitions understand our maintenance and make sure people know where to go with uh wayfinding and one

Of the ways we put it all together again is through the through the idea coding and whenever we put all these elements together we can certainly come up with really really great streets so who’s actually doing it i’m showing some slides here of some unusual suspects charlotte of course is

Generally recognized as one of the leaders in doing complete streets but um certainly new haven connecticut is taking it to the nth degree with uh actually taking down a freeway uh and reconnecting the uh reconnecting the the street grid with the route 34 downtown crossing project uh some others you know other larger

Cities that have not necessarily been known for walkability or complete streets memphis tennessee is really becoming one of the uh one of the at the forefront of this bicycling movement memphis is on track to be one of the first cities in the southeast to actually do a cycle track

Project do a two-way cycle track to connect down to connect their largest urban multi-use trail to their signature midtown park in overton park and then some of the other places is some unlikely candidates russellville arkansas a small town of 20 000 about halfway between little rock and fort

Smith on the i-40 corridor is actually doing a complete street project to connect their university with downtown on the heels of a downtown master plan that would be a cycle track and would actually use the separators from the travel lanes as rain gardens to actually assist with storm

So how do they get it done some of the funding sources that can be available certainly a lot of places that we’re working are using things like tax increment financing business improvement districts targeted sales tax or even local option sales taxes um to to do those kinds of to do these

Kinds of complete streets uh pieces uh voter approved bonds are certainly a mechanism by which charlotte does most of theirs there’s actually private foundations that such as bikes belong that offers both financial and technical assistance to communities that are trying to do these these kinds of things

And then there’s also federal grants and funding programs and one of the things that we’re seeing is the idea that communities are using their their local funding sources as leverage for matching the grant the federal grant application requirements and finally the idea of public-private partnerships on any kind of larger scale development driven

Initiative are certainly ways to get that done so it’s an exciting time to be a to be a traffic engineer working in complete streets uh and i certainly appreciate your attention look forward to any questions and i will turn it over to karen or kathleen rather hi everyone

We’re going to talk today about the mollyanne brook watershed management plan implementation we were honored last fall with an award from the new jersey chapter of the apa for planned implementation of the rain barrel and rain garden initiatives so a little background history the mollyanne brook is a tributary that runs through

A highly urbanized area of north east new jersey in passaic county uh it’s a highly impervious typical watershed urban watershed we were actually funded to prepare a watershed management plan because the mollyanne brook watershed was identified in 1996 as as an impaired polluted waterway and most of the storm water runoff you

Know pollutes the the malian brook which eventually drains into the passage river runs through these municipalities north halden is a more suburban rural area but the other three are highly urbanized so the question can the malian book be improved and the resounding answer is yes the watershed management plan identifies

Several best management practices and we decided to implement two of the non-structural the goal was to enhance protect and restore the surface water quality of the malian brook and its tributaries so again the two that we chose these non-structural best management plans were funded after the management plan

Had been approved by the new jersey department of environmental protection we applied for another 319-h grant that’s clean water act funding to purchase rain barrels for distribution free of charge to residents within the mollyann brook watershed so as you know rain barrels capture rain water that would otherwise just run off

The roof and run into the storm drains and then eventually into the waterways it is non-potable water but it can be used for watering your lawn or your garden washing your car washing your pets or any other uses i’ve used my rainwater at home to mix cement we have a little

Cement job to be done rain barrels really retail for more than a hundred dollars i mean i’ve seen them up to you know two hundred nearly three hundred dollars and these were being distributed again free of charge funded through this 319 h grants for the njdep they’re easily installed and

As you can see in the pictures they have a drain plug they have a spigot they have a screw on lid and a mesh screen so you don’t have to worry about getting debris or mosquitoes or mosquito larvae we began prior to actually receiving the rain barrels we

Had distributed flyers we had press releases in the paper newspaper ads we had information on the municipal and the county websites we did have public meetings and we had a watershed ambassador who was also working on classroom demonstrations they were distributed again to these four municipalities at no cost to the residents

We have two paid interns through the grant who have worked very closely with the residents who’ve received the rain barrels and they monitor and they address any concerns that the recipients have so we also were able to get information from rutgers water resources program on where to target our rain barrels

As you can see the the second distribution was the largest because that was the one that was advertised the first distribution was just targeted to those people in north haldon which is again a more suburban area but hilly so the water you know would rush down

And we wanted to make sure that those folks had rain barrels installed and to date i believe that we’ve distributed probably about 610 rain barrels and then this shows which municipalities received the most and um patterson is a it’s just it’s not the entire city of paterson just a small section

So they did not receive as many but again north halden this shows um oh this is the information that we got from rutgers using their gis telling us where to target and this is what was created here at the planning department showing where the barrels are located so

It makes it easy for our interns to go out and check and you know interact with the residents here’s an example of multiple barrels that are connected so that when one over one is full it’ll overflow into the others i’m hoping that we get some rain soon

Because it’s been pretty dry here in new jersey so the benefits to rain barrels are again reducing runoff pollution they save your money on your water bill we did receive feedback from gardeners who said that the gardens that they watered with rain water grew better than the stuff that they were growing in

Their tap water provides water during the drought conditions and it actually seemed even though this wasn’t our purpose it seemed to reduce localized flooding from major storms and the environmental education aspect to local students was was key kids would go home and talk to their parents about

Them and it was like the kids were really pushing their parents to go pick up a rain barrel and we are hopeful we’ve seemed to be getting a signal from the njdep that they would like to implement this program as a statewide program for throughout the state of new

Jersey especially in those urbanized areas and our recipients have seemed to be more interested now in changes little changes that they can make to improve their environment i’m going to turn this over now to amy rowe to talk about rain gardens hello everyone i’m amy rowe i am the rutgers cooperative extension agent

Environmental agent for for essex and passaic counties and i’ve been working with kathleen at the passaic county planning department for a little while now and one thing that kathleen didn’t mention is that the the grant with the rain barrels was so successful that the dep had actually

Given extra money to to implement a second best management practice for stormwater and so um this was this is actually phase two of the of the whole project and so we were tasked with installing rain gardens around the the malian brook municipalities and so i just want to to

Give you some background on what is a rain garden some people know them as bio retention areas they’re basically just shallow landscape depressions that can capture treat and infiltrate storm water before it even becomes runoff so you’re you’re handling that storm water at the source and so

One of the great things about rain gardens is that you you have a beautiful addition to your landscape while also capturing stormwater runoff so reducing stormwater quantity but also improving water quality and so you can see here from these pictures that the the garden doesn’t have to have to look

Fancy or anything like that no one even has to know that it’s a storm water best management practice it just looks like a regular garden and it can it can take the feel of any kind of garden you want it doesn’t have to have to look completely natural some people like the naturalized

Look some people like the english garden formal look so all of these gardens can be customized based on what plants you put in there and how you how you want your rain garden to look but the the water can be introduced into the rain garden through through several

Several avenues it can either be piped in from a downspout it can be at the bottom of a swale that’s transporting water from from a roadway or a parking lot or it can it can be right next to a curbed area and you can just have a curb

Cut with the water going into the rain garden so as i stated before the the benefits of rain gardens are that you are handling storm water volume so that you have reduced stormwater quantity in your in your storm sewer system which leads to to reduce stormwater going out to the receiving body

But you’re also improving the water quality of the storm water as it’s moving through the different layers of the rain garden so plants can uptake certain pollutants and the different layers of the soil can actually filter out pollutants as the water moves through from the top layer

Down into the the native soil down below and rain gardens can also be a great way to to recharge groundwater which provides base flow to our rivers and streams especially during dry periods but but the rain gardens are very efficient at removing some pollutants they have very high pollutant removal efficiencies for

For solids for metals even some organics can be removed by by rain gardens because of microbial activity activity and the the jury’s still out on nutrient removal there are some specific designs for for rain gardens too to help remove nitrogen and phosphorus but but a typical unengineered rain garden

May or may not be helpful at removing pollutants but a rain garden can also be used to prevent excuse me to prevent wet spots elsewhere on the property you don’t want to install your rain garden in a wet spot because that means that you have poor drainage or some other kind of

Of water issue there so you don’t want to put the rain garden on the wet spot but put it further up to capture some storm water to to prevent the wet spot further downstream another benefit of rain gardens that’s not listed here but you can see the picture with the

With the butterfly there is that rain gardens can can introduce habitat for for wildlife for pollinators bees birds all kinds of things would gravitate towards your rain garden which is a very exciting benefit in areas that may not have a natural landscape like a very urbanized area like we have here in

New jersey okay so here’s just a quick schematic of of the different parts of the rain garden in the center of the rain garden you have the base which is completely flat you need to have a very flat drainage area for for the storm water to infiltrate at the

At the maximum capacity if you if you don’t have a level base then you may have pooling you may have ponding you don’t want your rain garden to be standing water you don’t want this to be a breeding ground for mosquitoes you want the water to be moving through

There as quickly as possible you really want to to have this rain garden drained within 24 to 48 hours of a rainfall event and so that base needs to be flat so you have the largest surface area possible for the infiltration and then there’s a sloped area around the the base that

You can put plants that that don’t like it quite as wet but still would be receiving some some water whereas in the base you would want to to plant plants that are possibly facultative wetland plants not completely obligate wetland plants because you don’t want to have this rain

Garden be a wetland it’s not going to be wet all the time so you need to have both wet tolerant and drought tolerant species in the rain garden and then on the outer edge you have the buffer which is just a higher ground area that that you can plant plants that don’t

Necessarily like any water but just so you still have some vegetation on the outside and you can also see here that there is an inlet and an outlet the inlet is where the water will be entering the rain garden and then you do want to install an overflow or outlet so that if

You have a very large storm event let’s just say eight or nine inches like we had this past fall here in new jersey with the hurricane you don’t want all that water to be standing in your rain garden you want that overflow to allow that water

To to be released from the rain garden you can either connect the outlet to to the existing storm sewer system or you can have it go out to another permeable area like a different section of a lawn and you can also see that the the typical depth of the rain garden is only

Three to eight inches you don’t want this to be to be a pond you don’t want to have two to four feet of water in there it’s really just a very mild shallow depression which also helps with the safety issue you don’t have to worry about kids getting in here and drowning or

Anything like that it’s a very shallow system which a lot of people think a rain garden has to be deeper than that but that’s not the case so i’ll turn it back over to kathleen for the conclusions here so this is uh the rain garden initiative is an ongoing project we will be

Installing i think five or six more rain gardens this spring on public property and again amy was very helpful in gathering data and showing these very impressive results we had over 600 barrels prevented nearly 2 million gallons of storm water from directly entering the watershed and the three installed rain gardens

Will treat a total of 50 000 gallons of precipitation per year and of course that will increase as we continue to install these rain gardens and yes uh thank you amy for reminding me about we had originally applied for a 70 000 grant from the new jersey department of environmental protection and

We re they liked the idea so much they gave us a hundred thousand dollars so we were able to find many more rain barrels got them at a discounted price and so when we had funding left over we were able to shift the budget and modify the scope of work to include the

Rain gardens so and the rain gardens have people have been so thrilled with them and um they’re you know very attractive and they’re doing a really good job so finally um i’d like to thank our our freeholders and the administration for their support of course the epa and the dep for funding

Is the plan and also this implementation amy has been really significant and very helpful in this whole process chris abrupta at the rutgers water resources program and his staff very helpful my colleagues jennifer gonzalez who’s the environmental planner and rich ferrigno who’s our gis specialist we had student interns

Faith justice tariq islam and jillian polenta rudy and the americorps volunteers as i mentioned they were helpful over the last couple of years and all of the residents who participated in the municipal officials if i go back um just one more slide i’m sorry you mentioned if you would like to

Look at the watershed management plan and all the appendices it can be found at our website there on the bottom and i understand that all the attendees will be receiving a pdf of these so you don’t have to write that down thanks everyone and turn it over to virgil lloyd now

Okay i am unmuted here so let’s see you can focus see my uh presentation and we’ll get started okay so we’re going to talk a little bit about wastewater in a complete street which is sort of a kind of an odd component i guess but uh

It is it is actually an aspect i think of when you think of uh development of really of any nature i think over the years i’ve seen over my career i’ve seen that that the wastewater often was was not a integral component in the original planning and with our trends to to uh

Away from like over the last 20 years of rather more small type of development it really wasn’t an issue people would at least around here in connecticut where most of my work has been we’ve seen a big two-acre you know kind of residential lot type subdivisions and no

One really worried too much about the wastewater but but there are issues out there and i think it’s really important to to think about ways that we can integrate this into our developments whether they’re um urban suburban or uh or uh or village type of uh settings so with that as a

As a uh see if this will move forward for me okay so the topic i’ll be i’ll be covering here today i’m gonna try one more time there we go okay okay so the topics i’ll be covering here today i’m going to cover kind of the whole uh spectrum of wastewater types of

Settings i’m going to first talk a little bit about some decentralized wastewater approaches and a couple of case studies there one in old silver connecticut and another in greenwood lake new york um then i’m going to look at some opportunities for efficiencies and for green infrastructure with a more traditional classic large

Wastewater treatment facilities and things with related to nutrient removal and carbon and other ways to dispose of the wastewater than what our current practice has always been and then finally a look at some green opportunities themselves within within the different wastewater facilities so with that first first off you know in

Wastewater probably most people think oh what’s uh what’s so green about wastewater wastewater is pretty green and there certainly are some opportunities here the u.s epa definition when you’re talking wastewater it’s these four categories here it relates to energy efficiencies which really relates to the uh the equipment a lot of

Equipment of course pumps motors are used at treatment plants and pumping facilities so there’s uh there’s opportunities to use a higher efficiency types of equipment and that’s one of the recognized areas um innovative and decentralized types of solutions is uh such as what i’m going to talk about with old sabra

Decentralized meaning a solution other than um other than a centralized treatment plant it’s kind of the the opposite of the big of you i’m sure i’ve heard of pipe and then uh utilizing low impact design techniques such as uh jim and kathleen and amy i thought have talked about a little bit

And um hopefully that’s intriguing how in the world can you use that with wastewater disposal talk about some some things that people are doing with that and then even renewable energy there is a lot of energy and with water that’s the fourth category hey uh yeah

Virgil i’m sorry it’s uh chris brown i just wanted to let you know that we’re getting some comments that your uh audio is a little bit um going in in and out so just wanted to let you know about that okay some people are having a hard time hearing

Okay hopefully this is better sorry about that no no problem thank you all right um and then lastly just to point out that the the federal epa uh puts quite a bit of funding into clean water and drinking water sf srf monies for the various states in the past 20 percent of that

Has been uh earmarked for a green infrastructure type of projects um and unfortunately that is being reduced to 10 so that’s uh that’s the wrong trend or trend in the wrong direction so with that i’m going to start talking about the the same book project this is an

Aerial photograph of a portion of old sabra it’s a town in connecticut it’s located on the connecticut river which is that little water body you see down in the lower uh left of this slide and the upper upper portion of the slide is long and sound so it’s right on the mouth of

The river and it’s a it’s a area that has had uh there’s another good uh picture of the the long island sound in the connecticut river um it’s a it’s a town that has uh uh has quite dense development as you can see from that or somewhere around the

Neighborhood of four to eight homes per acre there’s a significant nutrient loading issue of moving through the groundwater into long island sound it’s it consists of older systems many of them are built in the 1950s and they have been built prior to the public health code so there’s um they’re probably

Substandard with respect to the the current requirements in addition a lot of marginal landlords developed just due to its proximity to the to the waterways and uh it also has a high ground water table which again is unsuitable for on-site septic systems so there are a number of issues here and

The town uh was dealing with this with the state foreign for quite a while we’re actually trying not to deal with the solution that the state wanted to impose on them which was uh the state was proposing that a regional wastewater solution could be implemented where three towns would

Would uh combine and build a major wastewater treatment plant that would discharge into the connecticut river the town of sabra had uh significant concerns with that solution um not least of which was their their worries over uh such a such a solution inducing additional development within town and uh

Significantly changing the character of the of the community so they litigated this for some 20 years with the state and finally they started a mediation process and a very unique and innovative decentralized approach was developed hey virgil you’re uh you’re i’m sorry your audio is still um wavering i just

Wanted to let you know if there’s anything you could do to kind of make it a little more crisp um we’re still getting comments on it so just wanted to let you okay chris let me know in another minute or two if it’s i tried a few things here

I apologize about that everyone it seemed to work fine during our drag runs earlier okay so can you post it chris uh yeah you sound crisp right now okay the um some of the key points on the approach was the development and delineation of a wastewater management district which is actually was a

A very formal uh delineation of different neighborhoods within the community that would be subjected to a different set of uh of criteria and rules for imagine wastewater issues there um that would so the additional upgrade standards were established that would be applied just to those properties within the uh wastewater mansion district

One of the concerns with uh with any kind of approach like this with the regulators has to do with if when you put in alternative treatment type systems it’s the operation and maintenance of those systems becomes very very important and and that can be operated correctly so that they function correctly it’s a

Real key thing so there was an o m plan that could be a uh detailed uh quite a bit and as well as the roles of the different um different stakeholders we had the towns wpca the water pollution control authority as well as the local health department

The connecticut ddp and as well as the state department of health all those uh stakeholders had a different different interest with the uh with the program so those roles had to be very very well defined and that was concluded as part of the ordinance that was ultimately adopted also the gdp had to

Delegate their authority for the advanced treatment systems which is something that they did not do happily or readily but they did do it and once they once the appropriate safeguards were implemented as part of the program and of course the schedule for planning and implementation was was provided as

Part of the program as well there were 15 separate focus areas that were incorporated into the wastewater management district which shows uh some of them um it included some 1900 properties and those were the areas that this was where the management district applied to it so outside of these these areas that

Were outside of the district just the normal uh state of community department of health regulations would apply and so uh so it was very very specific and uh within this area we had a whole different set of rules and rigs on this one and management these are some of the

Some of the standards the upgrade standards that were incorporated into the wastewater management district i won’t go to all of them but you can see things such as cesspools had to be removed and replaced that was a fundamental choice a requirement septic tanks had to be upgraded to the public health code

And occasionally f1 filters were required to be added and the leaching systems would be upgraded to the extent possible and the set of criteria that was negotiated with the various stakeholders that if you could achieve between two-thirds or greater than two-thirds of the leaching area that’s required by the public health code then

Then the system was okay provided that the certain other criteria and if this should systems if it didn’t meet that then alternative technologies were required and they also were required for all waterfront or lots adjacent to a water body now this this is a this is not just a

Joke type of flowchart but uh this actually was uh so the different steps that were involved so um and and it relates to the different approvals that were required as when we started from the beginning to getting the different responsible stakeholders to get them to sign off on the program and so

It um it is somewhat daunting and a lot of things were required to happen in a certain order but um so i would just uh advise everyone out there that uh should you think that you have a application where a wastewater management district type of approach might be appropriate um just be aware

That it is um it is a it is a long process and it’s a it’s a challenge to get the buy-in from all of our stakeholders that are involved and advanced treatment system what is that and that was the required for some uh some 350 to 400 blocks or what were

Estimated we’ll need these um they’re basically many wastewater treatment plants and they provide a higher degree of treatment than a conventional septic system we had a further requirement and that required that uh that the system’s atheists must reduce nitrates by 50 and as mentioned it’s a it’s a

Combination of a mechanical process but principally it’s a biological process they’re essentially just uh with our treatment plants on a very small scale which is uh which is a real challenge for them to work consistently to consistently get a a high level of quality which is why one of the reasons why we

Had the very high o m requirements in the program just to show some uh some samples um of some of the advanced treatment systems that that were considered and are traditionally allowed within the program things such as recirculating sand filters patch growth which is an attached growth activated sludge type process

We have those three listed that textile filters heat filters and tripling filters those are just different kinds of of ways for the biological activity to uh to uh to function they attach right mainly to the the the media then we also have suspended growth type of processes that

Were allowed and these would be more uh tanks where the biological growth is in solution and as mentioned they’re definitely a smaller scale version of a regular conventional retargeting facility and membrane bioreactors are also allowed numbering bioreactors a very effective way for wastewater treatment although the energy costs are noticeably higher and

Decreases the operation maintenance class this is some examples this is an example of a fresh growth type of uh wood square treatment system there’s a photograph there on the upper right of it it’s partially installed in the ground there’s a p filter it’s partially elevated above the ground but that can be landscaped

This is just another picture to show some of the covers uh of course all the action is below ground that’s one of the advantages too with the wade’s work there with he has nice photographs of complete streets and i have to you know let’s waste water guys we have all our actions below

Ground important nevertheless there’s a bomb with sand filter very effective when you have a high uh high ground water levels and that shows some of the landscape components looks almost as nice as wade streets don’t you think okay i’m going to move now to uh greenwood lake new york actually it’s a

Lake on the new york new jersey border in uh orange county and uh the particular work that we did was on the new york side of the lake lake was experiencing some eutrophication and issues from phosphorus a pretty high elevated phosphorus limits and phosphorus is uh phosphorus is found in detergents and

And then humid waste and um this this was a fairly extensive project i’m just going to speak to the one portion of it and that would be the portion related to upgrading a residential home so several homes were considered for this and uh this particular one is the one

That was selected some more photos later on and uh the objective here was to demonstrate the use of a urine separation type of toilets which is a kind of a very foreign idea here in the united states but it has been done quite a bit in different areas of europe

And it does make some sense urine contains over half of the phosphorus that’s found in the waste load and so if you can separate it at its source as those bar charts show you that white portion of the bar chart is the portion of the phosphorus that is found in

In the liquid portion and uh so if you can separate that out uh prior to it getting into the waste stream and you can prevent it from getting into the ground water so it’s a source reduction is separation is certainly a attractive way for the restore management so this guy was

It uh pretty good and offered his house to actually uh try and demonstrate some of the toilets now what we have here is uh is a variation on that that fine invention of the english gentleman thomas crapper who truly was a real person and uh these are some improvements on his uh

Spine device you’ll notice with these uh with these toilets that they’re um that most of them have you’ll see like a compartment towards the front and the intent there’s like that would capture the urine as it enters the toilet and it will go to a separate system

That’s the main subject i know um and so they would go to a separate system it actually goes to a holding tank where it would be pumped out periodically and then uh removed and brought to a spot treatment line for treatment and disposal so in this case here you can see where

The the yellow dash line shows the approximate uh pipe location the bearing pipe and then there’s the 1500 gallon uh fiberglass tank that would hold the diverted uh flow and uh okay so it takes some uh takes uh takes quite a bit of uh modification this is

The view from down below from the basement and there needs to be obviously a separate piping system to to take the urine flow and take it out separate from the rest of the wastewater from the from the to other facilities so as what you’re seeing here it is a as

I mentioned some additional work is required for that it definitely gets you into some crowded uh plumbing down your basement and these are actual pictures of of the first and second floor bathrooms that were installed and you can see that see the little shelf that’s in the

Toilet for capturing the the urine and the diversion so that’s a after picture you see the tank is shown there in the upper picture just a really nice way of reducing a phosphorous load okay so going from on-site types of applications looking at risk our treatment now and there are some

Very significant ways to to implement some green infrastructure with wastewater treatment or certainly to get into some sustainable types of practices that are not uh traditional or not things that we have uh traditionally implemented uh with our treatment uh facilities across the nation there’s opportunities with nitrogen and phosphorus these two are

Certainly these two are being implemented on in selected areas on a on a more limited basis it’s becoming more and more common there’s been a nitrogen removal program here in connecticut and for some probably 10 years now 10 15 years and uh in other areas where different water bodies nitrogen is a

Major issue and i’ll talk some more about that um but there’s also process enhancements that can be done uh within the treatment process itself that would allow us to to reduce our carbon footprint from these plants there’s there’s a lot of carbon uh within wastewater and

A lot of it is currently just trucked away and so there’s there’s been certain plants that we’ve been involved in that we’ve been maximizing the use of of capturing that carbon and using it elsewhere within the treatment process so this can as well this will help you improve your effluent quality with a

Suspended cell then with nitrogen phosphorus it can reduce energy consumption at the plant and it can reduce chemical use so instead of doing treatment biochemicals you can do it via biological actions uh which reduces the cost you’re impacted by these apply the treatment facilities for for adding chemicals and you use less chemicals

And you also have less material that has to be disposed of which is another cost that a human gives so looking at nitrogen uh this is something that we can do through a biological process and it’s released as as a nitrogen gas it’s a very harmless gas it’s you know

۸۰ percent or so of the air we breathe i believe and through this process it recovers uh by doing a nitrification denitrification process that we are able to recover oxygen dissolve oxygen and alkalinity so it actually helps to reduce some of the cost for operating the plant itself

And it’s it’s a very modest capital cost to reach uh levels in the five to eight milligram per liter range which is a significant improvement from most trading plants most plants the effluent nitrogen would be in the 15 or so parts per million range so without a lot of cost we can

We can bring the nitrogen down to a pretty decent level and then can also uh save some costs by doing that then the energy is reduced as well through less oxygen has to be pumped in to to do the treatment there’s a picture there of a trim plant here in groton that uh

Where that does uh nitrogen removal down to those levels there’s actually if you look in the uh you see in the center there there’s two uh there’s three rectangular tanks fit in the middle uh the two tanks to the bottom are the two tanks that are online and there is a

Uh the left-hand portion of those tanks uh it’s darker and the right-hand portion is lighter that left-hand portion is where the nitrogen is actually being removed with respect to phosphorus it’s a nutrient that’s becoming more and more the focus of removal for westward treatment facilities and there’s a choice here again as with

Nitrogen where you can remove it either chemically or biologically and the biological process is definitely superior to chemical precipitation in that you use less chemical and generate less solid material that needs to be removed from the site and you’re also able to use some of the additional carbon that is remains on site

In in the process so one of the ways we do this is we will take the waste solids and we will generate volatile fatty acids in that in those tanks through a fermentation process and then we take that liquid off of that and we introduce it into the head of the treatment process

And that is able to help reduce the phosphorus and then the phosphorus will settle out in our cellular tanks and that can be used to uh create fertilizers and other products as i said the chemical addition is costly and it creates especially on a on a operational basis so every day chemicals

Have to be added every day solids are being settled out that contain these phosphorus compounds and you can’t do anything with them other than landfill or in some places they incinerate this so it’s not not though not the preferred way to go and it also uh consumes more of the

Carbon that otherwise would not be consumed at the treatment facility opportunities for renewable energy in our treatment facilities an important point to notice that um nationally the energy that’s consumed to operate westward treatment plants is estimated by epa at three percent of the total energy used in the usa

Which is a pretty big number so if your town if your town has a treatment plant that treatment plant represents a quarter to one third of the power consumption of your town so if there’s anything we can do there to reduce that that energy cost and it’s uh it’s a

Huge huge uh benefit here in connecticut we have some of the highest electric rates in the nation so it certainly is a it’s a uh it’s a goal that’s something that we want to do but if this is this is important anywhere no matter what

State you are in and one of the ways we do it is through uh doing some some things with the digesters i took those two blue tanks and see here are and the way this works is if you see in that diagram i have there is a in the middle

It shows the anaerobic digester and we can turn this uh from that that’s the tank where the waste solids are sent we digest those gas uh digest those cells and they create methane gas which we then would condition which means clean up the impurities in it that come from the process

And then that would uh gas would be five years to fire either a micro turbine or some kind of engine and from that engine we would generate a generator and create electricity which could be used back in the facility to reduce their energy that they need to purchase from the public utility

Now we call this combined heat and power chp we actually would take and we’re not done with it at that point we take the exhaust gas from the from the engine or the turbine and then we recover that heat and within that gas and we use that heat to either

Cool uh either to uh to a run to a boiler where we could then use that heat and to keep one of the buildings within the treatment facility itself or we could use that to preheat the solids that would be going into the anaerobic digester to to

Preheat that as it goes in to actually kind of supercharge the whole the whole process and allows us to recover a significant amount of the energy that would otherwise just be land disposed of or incinerate other options at trading plans i don’t have photographs for these but there’s a

Lot of water moving around and treatment facilities and so there’s things such as that are being being piloted at their different plants of uh putting an inline hydro type of power generators where where there’s sufficient um uh elevation drop for these to run those and other facilities some facilities are

Are in very uh urban areas others though if they’re in their appropriate location they’re they’re good candidates for investigating to put in solar panels or or wind turbines so that takes us through the it takes us through the treatment plan we’ve talked about decentralized or non-uh centralized type of of uh practices

There are some issues or opportunities for resource disposal that that should be looked at or should be considered and that are getting more and more consideration application in recent years reuse is uh it’s a good one non-potable they can be done using non-portable uses purple pipe which is which means a separate system

That carries a non-potable type of water uh can be used in a small uh or not even smaller in a commercial development for flushing the flushing toilet water that kind of thing uh it’s been used as irrigation that’s a lot of pictures we see down below or for cooling water for an industrial

Application such as facility that needs to take in cooling water rather than bringing in water from a river if uh if it’s located it can be sited so it’s near the whisper treatment facility and water effluent water coming out of the plant can be used as cooling water in the industry rather than

Taking in clean water there’s a couple applications like that that were just in a town with right now here in connecticut with a energy recovery facility and then uh another option to do is to not even have a point source discharge of your treated wastewater anything such as spray

Irrigation which actually is what that photograph on the bottom is that’s not an irrigation such as you can use it at a golf course that’s spray irrigation where you apply a uh a couple inches say of excellent during the growing season to a large field and that would be

How you dispose of it you need to have a very large holding basin to hold the the wastewater where you can’t always discharge such as here in the northeast during the winter months you would not be able to do spray irrigation but so you would need a

Fairly large facility such as which is pictured in the bottom right to hold the waste water while that is uh until the until the springtime came but other areas of the country that wouldn’t be a restriction and if you have a site with appropriate geologic characteristics you could use

Something such as a rapid infiltration basin the one picture here in the upper right is uh from new hampshire and these are basins that that that have a very good soil beneath them and you’re able to put a fairly large volume of water very quickly into the ground

So you just need to look for for where you have you know the appropriate uh conditions and these uh these alternative disposal methods might be appropriate and then low impact design and wastewater how do you do that that’s a good question um because wastewater is not storm water so

But there are opportunities for for uh stormwater enhancement and lid and wastewater there’s a project here in connecticut at the hartford capital uh green the harford green capitals demonstration project was a million dollar project that was paid for by the united gdp clean water fund which is their clean water srf

And it um it was applied to to the storm to the roof leaders and that were connected into the uh into the signature sewer system so hartford is a city that has a combined sewer system so rain water is typically entered into the sewer system the sanctuary sources and so

During times of very high rainfall the combined system can’t handle the flow so it will discharge a combined sewer material into the directly into the rivers which is obviously it’s a very bad practice but uh many of our other cities have cs combined systems and so

They need to figure out a way to manage these nasos so this is using lid is uh has some has some opportunities for applications won’t be in every case but this was a great demonstration project and some of the things that they used here at the capitol were of course

Pavement which uh you can see going around clockwise on the photographs which of course pavement rainwater harvesting that tank that’s being loaded in is a uh essentially a large cistern it was equipped with pumps for the pump of the rainwater out afterwards there was some irrigation

And a rain garden uh down below in the lower right and then a green roof was also just as well so as i mentioned this can be used in uh somewhere as part of the part of the tools in our tool bag for for dealing with the separation of combined sewer overflows

As well as for what we call infiltration and inflow management many of the older collection systems voice water collection systems even though they are separate systems and don’t have uh don’t have uh we’re not intentionally built to carry stormwater they do leak quite a bit a lot of roof leaders and

Such things storm drains are connected and just the joints are old and crack and allow groundwater to leak in so when we abate those types of problems we could also use lid and those kinds of solutions within certain in certain cases should the should the parameters work so that’s the

Wraps up my uh presentation and this is the speaker contact info hopefully everyone was able to hear me i apologize for the technical difficulties thank you virgil i appreciate that yeah you could actually if you could keep uh that last slide up if you could keep that last slide up as

A full screen okay and i’ll begin the question and answer session so yeah thank you for everyone who uh thanks to all who remained on the line during the presentations we will begin the question and answer session right now so the first question that came in was from paul larson

Some states particularly in the west have laws regarding water rights that prohibit rain barrels such as the ones described in the presentation have the presenters experience this issue and if so how has it been dealt with uh well uh we we did not have an issue with that

At all uh um amy may want to jump in here for a second yeah in new jersey it is legal to to harvest your rainwater water that’s falling on your property does belong to to the owner of that property um i i understand there’s a major issue out in

The west with with very dry conditions and the colorado river drying up and things like that and how the state of colorado has actually reversed itself on allowing rainwater harvesting i know it’s an issue but in new jersey we we typically get about 44 inches of rainfall per year

And so currently there’s no water rights issues in new jersey all right this next question came along from james garofalo what was help given in rain barrel installation and how do the rain barrels hold up in the cold okay actually um we were not helping people install them they came with instructions

And because of the cold weather you do have to winterize your barrel which means you have to disconnect it take it you know turn it upside down or bring it in the garage because if they freeze with water in them and they can crack and then they’ll be unusable

All right uh we’re suburban this question came comes from cheryl usher where suburban roof gutters generally connected to storm or combined systems or sheet runoff from lawns and driveways for the for the rain barrels the the downspouts were disconnected from some of them were were connected directly to the storm sewer system

But many of them were just going on to onto the lawns right we just we um the homeowner shortened them so that they would instead of going down into the lawn they would go just as far as the rain barrel okay uh the next question comes from colleen roberts

Oh i’m sorry uh sorry if i uh did i did i get did i jump the gun on that i know i just um i think there was something in that question about combined systems and the only combined sewer system that we’re aware of within patterson

Okay was that was that a question or is that that was i think in response to that last question oh okay okay combined oh okay cool cool all right um the next question comes from colleen roberts what’s the average annual rainfall in the area of new jersey where the rain barrels were

Distributed also what are new jersey’s laws regarding homeowner rights to rainwater collection in colorado homeowners don’t own rainwater that falls on our properties and is technically illegal to collect it the state is looking into what the effects to our water system would be if pilot programs were allowed for

Homeowner rainwater collection i imagine this is a bigger issue for arid areas out west than on the east coast yes this question was actually just addressed we do get about 44 inches of rainfall in new jersey although last year was an anomaly with about 65 inches per year but

The there is no water rights issue in new jersey and i don’t i don’t think there are any along most of the east coast um in new jersey specifically people are being encouraged to to reduce stormwater loadings to the sewer system so that’s why we’re we’re implementing all of these water best management

Practices like rainwater harvesting rain gardens to capture stormwater so we actually have the opposite problem of the west where there’s too much runoff entering the waterways and entering the sewer system okay so uh the next question comes from ellen ma ellen mye galloway uh as as planners these projects discussions

I’m sorry as planners these projects discussions of green uh infrastructure is pretty standard more innovative than decades ago surely but generally accepted as best management practices what about engineers the traffic engineer describes himself as a complete street complete streets engineer and our local government the engineers are not necessarily turned into complete streets

And there’s a con is a constant fight for a constant fight for planners to convince them that roads move people not just cars any trends in education going on in professional engineering organizations yeah and uh chris i can start to address that if anybody else wants to chime in they certainly can um

One of the things that we’re starting to see is actually directives from top down uh government uh that actually require the engineering community uh municipal and state level to act to design facilities with regard to complete streets many states have adopted complete streets policies many of them have also amended design guidelines

To be able to allow their engineers to design complete streets uh as with anything the education has been one of the keys and as more of these projects are getting on the ground there’s more case studies that can be pointed to to start to alleviate some of the concerns in the engineering

Community about how certain things work and mixing mixing traffic mixing vehicular traffic with non-motorized traffic so if if i had to say the the way that a lot of them are getting done uh it’s not necessarily coming from inside the engineering community although ite did collaborate with the congress for new urbanism and

Developing the recommended practice for walkable urban thoroughfares but a lot of it is coming from the uh more of a political end with states and municipalities saying we’re going to do this we’re going to build strict complete streets and that is therefore our policy some of the other places that the edu

That we see education coming from are with local local and state apa and congress for new urbanism chapters michigan has been very successful in doing that they they have a trend statewide transportation bonanza every year in which they bring in speakers and invite all of the michigan d.o.t and local engineers to participate

In connecticut uh the main streets the state main streets program has been at the forefront of the of the movement and in rhode island uh some of the smart growth one of the smart growth organizations smart growth rhode island has been sponsoring a session of work a session

Series of work sessions on complete streets for education for for the engineering community as well yeah and can i just add that the the american society for civil engineers has had i think i think they’re going on their sixth or seventh bi-annual conference specifically on low-impact development they just had one this past

Fall in philadelphia and it’s growing every year in terms of attendance and there are lots of sessions just on complete streets green streets case studies bioretention permeable pavement there are there’s quite a big movement in the civil engineering society that that is already on to this and those conferences also provide lots of

Professional education workshops and pre-conference workshops to to educate people separately from the design studies and the academic papers that are presented uh yeah this is kathleen i believe that the new jersey department of transportation has adopted complete streets and as well as passaic county okay so uh moving on to the next question

Susan poplin asks what recommendations to maintain rain gardens what are some recommendations to maintain rain gardens and drought conditions certainly when when rain gardens are first installed they will need irrigation until the plants get established but over time you will need to water less and less because the plants will

Will be more established they will have the very deep roots they will be more drought tolerant we do recommend that you plant plants that are drought tolerant and wet tolerant just because in any rain garden both conditions will exist so there’s really nothing specific that you need to do

In terms of a drought you just need to to keep an eye on the plants and and if they if they do look dry you may need to irrigate which which is counter intuitive but you may need to do that during during particularly dry times um just a personal story here

I have taken a bucket into the shower with me during drought conditions i live in an area where we have private wells and sometimes we’re on water restrictions so i take a bucket in the shower and then i’ll water my garden with it okay the next question uh with two

Million gallons well this comes from james garof garfallo with 2 million gallons seeming high assuming 10 month use that’s 333 gallons per month how do you determine who gets um who gets them and by them i’m assuming that he means rain barrels as far as who gets them these were

Limited to people that were identified in the malian brook watershed that was what the grant stipulated um as far as the two million gallons i’m going to let amy jump in there yeah that that number was actually a very conservative estimate based on a typical water usage of barrels that that would

Be capturing rain water in new jersey we have a typical two day dry period between storm events so that was taken into account the number of precipitation events per year during the periods of use so let’s just say april to october was what i used for that calculation that’s typically when people

Use their rain barrels and then each rain barrel can only capture 50 gallons per well 50 gallons per um per storm before it overflows just because the overflow isn’t at the very top of the 55 gallon drum um and so all of all of those calculations were actually rather conservative um

And they were were based on actual rainfall numbers in new jersey in this area and i can i can forward those calculations if if the respondent would like to see those all right so our next question comes from michael brassard are regulations in place or public education materials made available to

Address the use of pesticides and fertilizers on rain gardens or is the use of native plant materials suggested to limit the use of these potentially hazardous materials uh yeah native you know we always try to use native species there’s also a new fertilizer law in new jersey but we do not

Encourage any fertilizer or pesticide use in rain gardens for obvious reasons um there are some some clauses in the state that you you can use fertilizer if a soil test shows that it’s necessary for the plants to grow but people are are usually not willing to undertake that

That burden that’s something that that’s new in the state fertilizer law so um it’s it’s really just better to to not use fertilizer um that’s what we recommend this is uh jim reardon and having looked at uh standards for rain garden maintenance and bioretention maintenance around the country that’s that’s pretty much

The same in other states and other localities the idea is to try and discourage uh these fertilizers and pesticides because of the because the potential for water quality problems associated with alright this next question comes from janet rausch can any of the speakers recommend a green infrastructure

Site planning book that goes over these different best practices for example rain gardens rsfs lids low impact development so so on so forth absolutely the um there are certainly a number of them out there the first place i would recommend looking is perhaps your own state stormwater manual

If that does not incorporate low impact development or you would like additional information the connecticut manual that i referenced earlier has uh has a lot of good information in it uh if you guys know my my uh hocking uh the manual that i put together um additionally there there are quite a

Number of good manuals out there from states of washington maryland where uh low impact development really first came into being new jersey has a great manual there really a number of them i would check the apa um library bookstore there are i’m sure there’s a few in there

Yeah and you can also find resources at the epa the environmental protection agency’s green infrastructure website they also have a have a database with case studies for for each type of of best management practice and lid and it also shows pollutant removal efficiency if that’s something that you’re concerned with with regard to

Water quality okay this next one comes i’m sorry did i uh someone else about to chime in okay this next one comes from armando perez uh mr lloyd about separation of urine and feces could you summarize what treatment processes are used for each and how does the separation reduce cost uh

Good question um it doesn’t reduce the cost that i’ve read off the bat it’s uh it’s not done as a cost reduction or cost savings measure it’s done for the uh for the objective of of uh trying to improve the water quality of the lake um there is no on-site treatment for

Phosphorus that’s done with this uh with this approach it’s the urine is separated to a separate hole tank where it’s periodically removed and it would be taken to a whisper treatment facility where the phosphorus would be treated there the way it’s treated is in you have a small compartment

In the beginning of the treatment process it’s a anaerobic process so the total absence of any dissolved oxygen within that compartment and then the presence of some volatile fatty acids that we could you can create on the from the waste solids on the at that facility you um remove the

You break the bond and remove the phosphorus out that way um and then the the the solids that go the other direction and the from those neuron divergent toilet that would go into the uh into the septic system into the septic tank and then the gray water

Would go out to the reach field so in the kind of a standard um leech field type of treatment system if you and if you do need to get to very low levels of phosphorus you would add a trim point they would put like a filter on the end of that treatment process

Okay this next question comes from peter smith um how much of the two million gallons diverted by diverted to rain barrels was estimated to outfall to mollyanne brook what’s the what’s the annual flow in the brook you know i don’t know off the top of my head that’s a good question

I would i would point peter to the watershed management plan i’m i’m looking through here quickly but i don’t i i don’t see that i could get back to you peter or you could check out the management plan online okay we’re down to actually our last question of the afternoon uh this comes

From kathleen cherry uh what kind of maintenance is expected from from the homeowner for typical advanced treatment what is the cost of maintenance and how long does how long does this system how long do these systems typically last without major renovation i guess that would i’m sorry i was uh

Yeah that this is virtual light um the advanced treatment systems um one of the one of the biggest challenges with those against treating systems is having a generally a continuous flow to the system these are normally uh processes that are accomplished through bacterial reactions so the bacteria can keep a

Healthy population of bacteria you need to have a fairly consistent flow of wastewater into the into the facility so the the maintenance chiefly consists of of either recycling pumps and then removing the rich solids from the bottom of these facilities on some periodic basis and uh email me uh with that

In fact if you wanted to follow up that question i know we’re getting low on time and uh and i should get into that more detail okay so yeah with that said we’re actually gonna have to wrap it up virgil if you could actually just um if you

Could actually just switch um switch the screen over to me i’m gonna do some last minute house cleaning housekeeping business um regarding people’s cms and i’m sure everyone’s looking at my background lovely all right so just a reminder to log your cm credits for attending today’s webcast please go to www.planning.org

Cm select today’s date april 13th and then select today’s webcast opportun today’s webcast which is opportunities and complete streets and green infrastructure once again this webcast is available available for two cm credits uh today’s webcast is being recorded um come monday we will have a six slide per page pdf along with the

Recording available at www.utah.apa dot org slash webcast that’s arc dash archive uh thank you all for um i’d like to thank my speakers i’d like to thank our speakers for um for this wonderful presentation this afternoon and thank you all again for attending everyone yes before you sign off can you please

Forward me the announcement for this webinar uh the announcement you know that went out i guess through the apa yes i could do that kathleen here yes kathleen i will do that thank you no problem at all thanks everybody it was great thank you very much chris no problem

Thank you thank you thank you very much apa connecticut and of course thanks passaic county you’re welcome thank you for hosting us all right my pleasure chris are we um we’re not broadcasting anymore oh we’re broadcasting all right i’m gonna um i’m actually gonna stop the broadcast right now so

Everyone have a nice weekend you too chris take care take care jim virgil wade you guys too kathleen amy so you guys

ID: 7q5MdtXJQP4
Time: 1343158058
Date: 2012-07-24 23:57:38
Duration: 02:01:10

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