Title:تامین مالی محیط زیست – مصاحبه با جک کارتز

جیم شواب، AICP، مدیر مرکز برنامه ریزی خطرات APA، با جک کارتز، مدیر مرکز مالی محیط زیست منطقه ۱ USEPA در دانشگاه جنوبی مین مصاحبه می کند. در جولای ۲۰۱۵ در کارگاه مخاطرات طبیعی در برومفیلد، کلرادو ضبط شده است.

قسمتي از متن فيلم: Well this is Jim Schwab manager the APA hazards planning center and i’m at the 2015 natural hazards workshop with me is Jack car tez who is a long time professor of Community Planning at the University of Southern Maine’s muskie school of public affairs and he is also the director of the US Environmental

Protection Agency region one environmental finance center which raises some interesting issues including first what is the environmental finance center what does it do thank you Jim happy to be here the environmental finance center program is a small innovative program of the US environmental protection agency that was spearheaded by a former comptroller of

EPA who saw that there was an overlooked problem in the nation’s addressing of its environmental needs which was the question of how we know pay for these environmental improvements so this was initiated as a university-based Center program so that there would be a way to tap into knowledge and resources at our

Universities in the country and each of the PAS ten regions could designate at least one environmental finance center there’s a region that has two of them and has for some years so bit by bit the various regions of EPA across the country began to get these environmental finance centers which were advocated by

The Regional Administrator in each region so the environmental finance centers provide a link between EPA and the local government level especially although we also work with with state agencies as well because sometimes it’s hard for EPA to make that connection and the focus is on this question of how do we pay for

Environmental improvements of all guides environmental finance and words going in the future is an emerging need and what I’m going to do is tell you very briefly about some of the existing needs how they relate to hazard mitigation planning and then the climate adaptation planning which we’ve been talking about

Quite a bit here at the 40th annual hazards workshop here in Boulder so for example the nation’s number one water quality problem right now is stormwater management localities and states but particularly the local level the first line of defense has to figure out how are they going to pay for the minimum

Control measures required under the NIP tease phase two provisions of the Clean Water Act which have been expanded over the last 10 to 15 years one innovation has been storm water utilities where the producers the landowners both residential and commercial industrial who produce impervious surfaces that create runoff and stormwater have to

Help pay for the measures that will be implemented to manage that storm water so this just isn’t a matter of pollution control and water quality obviously increased precipitation which we’ve been experiencing leads to increased intensity duration and volumes of runoff and that leads to flooding hazards of

Both and what we call the everyday type which create small problems but kind of add up over time to really significant flooding so that’s an example it’s using existing tools such as fees or property tax surcharges but in an innovative way so another example of innovations and environmental finance that are beginning

To emerge as the city of Berkeley’s first program was financing initiative for renewable solar technology in 2008 the City of Berkeley council created a revenue bond that would provide up-front funds for landowners including residential land owners primarily to be able to invest immediately in putting solar electric solar voltaic electrical generation

Systems on the roofs and the revenue bond provided a mechanism for each of these landowners who invested in this technology to be able to pay it back over time with a mortgage like instrument so actually it didn’t use public front funds except for a little while because it was leveraging private

Funds first was copied by Palm Springs and it’s been it’s over now they’ve used up all their money it was their objective as cities both Palm Springs and the City of Berkeley to electrified and create renewable energy sources it’s been copied by other cities across the country at the time when Berkeley did

This in 08 09 climate solutions NGO that’s very deeply involved in trying to push the implementation of new technology and renewable energy infrastructure said this kind of innovation at the local level is going to be absolutely vital we can’t have enough of it we’re going to have to try

To promote it in some fashion so in the hazards management area which were here of course this week focusing on financing is largely historically been the federal government coming in in the past after a disaster and now through the hazard mitigation grant program the section 404 program of the Stafford Act

And the disaster management act leader in 2000 it’s possible to do some upfront hazard mitigation planning now we have the impact of a non-stationary climate in the climate change arena we talked about how stationarity is dead because the basic parameters of the climate average temperature average durations and intensity of precipitation and many

Other types of characteristics of the climate are changing the basic measurements of the climate are and they’re creating more intense hazards so it’s forcing us to go beyond this historical model that you’re so familiar with it AP a gym in your program and the center of waiting for

The federal government to go ahead and fund something usually after the event where hazard mitigation planning can be upped with more money if you have a hazard mitigation plan but also before the event in order to adapt to the shifting hazards intensifying hazards coming with a non-stationary climate or

What’s commonly referred to as climate change and global warming it is going to be necessary in particular to deal with the big-ticket items of infrastructure which are going to have the biggest payoff in terms of creating resilience and the ability to adapt to the shocks that are going to be coming in the

Future and that includes heart gray infrastructure as well as green and natural infrastructure it’s all infrastructure New York City’s green bond bank is another example of an innovation but New York City’s big cities like New York and Chicago have already made the decision that they’re going to try to cover their roofs and

Buildings with solar with rain gardens and green roofs and lots of other things but they’re but two of the 10,000 municipalities in the United States and a little over 3,000 counties last year our sister environmental finance center in region free at the University of North Carolina Chapel Hill held a forum

A very high level forum on the future of environmental finance it included city and county officials mayor of raleigh north carolina for example state agency leaders business leaders from the finance community the bonding community citibank as well as stan me burgers now the deputy administrator of the US EPA

And has long been involved in helping to support and guide the environmental finance program among the conclusions of this very high level forum and you can get to it by just googling UNC you’ll find it it’s called emerging themes in environmental finance results of a form 2014 number one the future is

Not going to be the same as the past we’re going to have to deal with a very new landscape number two innovation is going to be crucial it has to be promoted particularly at the local level and with respect to that number three small distributed solutions are going to

Be vital but there’s going to be challenges one example of the conflicts that are emerging for example is that large electric utilities are not entirely happy as small distributed you know disperse decentralized solar volta photovoltaic energy producers on residential and commercial property are trying to send energy back into the grid

So there’s a lot that we need to work out in in that regard and then I’ll just mention a fourth of perhaps a dozen different findings from this very important forum on the future of environmental finance public private partnerships or what what we call p3 at

US EPA is important but there are going to be new partnerships that have to be developed as innovations as well and sometimes they’re going to involve very unlikely partners but I can tell you one thing for sure as a planner for the last 45 years starting out my career and

Oregon with the statewide planning program and some localities in Washington NATO as well the local level that we work with in the planning profession is the first line of defense and it also in many ways even though it’s a challenge in terms of the resource availability and all the

Demands on our communities it is going to be one of the first lines of defense for innovation that have already has been great you’re really at the front end of an issue that I referred to in the plenary this morning I have of how we integrate this climate change data

And information into capital improvements programming so that we can have better defenses against natural hazard I think that’s exactly right Jim and I’m happy to see that you know this program has been built up in the hazards arena at APA because now it can also transition to and bridge to the climate

Change arena let me give you an example of local and state partnership that’s led to innovation in our region in New England Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection and Italy the local government sustainability organization that’s been around for about 15 years now i believe 300 us members they partnered to develop a

Pilot program and they use grout and connecticut which is a coastal city of course as kind of their test bunny and among the things that granton is done which they now use as a training model throughout connecticut with a climate adaptation planning toolkit is that they integrated this just what you’re talking

About into their capital improvements programming so that has been very useful instance of progress on this great well thank you very much it’s been a great pleasure wonderful very much think

ID: KsEqE4E7XsI
Time: 1445621112
Date: 2015-10-23 20:55:12
Duration: 00:11:40

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