Title:تأثیرات اقتصادی و فرصت های خانواده: کودکان، سالمندان و مراقبان

۰۹-۰۳-۲۰۱۲ ارائه دهندگان: میلدرد وارنر و دبورا هاو این وب‌کست فقط برای مشاهده در دسترس است، برای اعتبارات AICP CM قابل استفاده نیست. دگرگونی جمعیتی چالش ها و فرصت هایی را برای همه جوامع ایالات متحده ایجاد می کند. بچه‌های بازنشسته تقاضاهای جدیدی را مطرح می‌کنند – از نظر محیط ساخته شده، خدمات و جایگزین‌های مسکن. کودکان و جوانان برای تضمین رشد و توسعه سالم و آینده اقتصادی مولد نیاز به سرمایه گذاری دارند. مراقبین، به ویژه نسل ساندویچی که در وسط قرار گرفته اند، برای جلوگیری از فرسودگی به حمایت بیشتری نیاز دارند. استرس مالی بر اهمیت یافتن راه های جدید برای برآوردن این نیازهای در حال تغییر تاکید دارد. خوشبختانه، پاسخ به این نیازها می تواند به ایجاد جوامع پویا کمک کند که محیط های حمایتی و سالم را برای تمام مراحل چرخه زندگی فراهم می کند. این وبینار دیدگاه تازه‌ای در این زمینه ارائه می‌کند: ۱٫ اقتصاد خانواده‌ها – حکمت غالب نشان می‌دهد که خانواده‌های دارای فرزندان خردسال هزینه‌ای برای جوامع هستند در حالی که بچه‌های بازنشسته «طلای خاکستری» هستند. واقعیت این است که هر دو گروه هزینه ها و منافع مهمی را نشان می دهند. درک این واقعیت های اقتصادی به جوامع کمک می کند تا برای همه سنین برنامه ریزی کنند. ۲٫ یکپارچه سازی خدمات — به طور سنتی ما خدماتی را در سیلوهای سن و سال ارائه می دهیم. فرصت یکپارچه سازی ارائه خدمات می تواند اثربخشی و کارایی خدمات را بهبود بخشد. ۳٫ طراحی فیزیکی – برای ارتقای استقلال بیشتر در بین کودکان و سالمندان، ما نیاز به طراحی محیط هایی داریم که جایگزین های مسکن و حمل و نقل را فراهم می کند و استقلال را قادر می سازد که در نتیجه نیاز به خدمات را کاهش دهد و سبک زندگی سالم و توسعه را ترویج کند. این وبینار آخرین تحقیقات را ارائه می دهد و نمونه هایی از نحوه رسیدگی جوامع به این چالش ها را ارائه می دهد.

قسمتي از متن فيلم: Require investment to ensure healthy growth and development and productive economic futures caregivers especially the Sandwich Generation caught in the middle need more support to avoid burnout fiscal stress underscores the importance of finding new ways to meet these changing needs fortunately responding to these needs can contribute to the creation of dynamic communities

That provide supportive and healthy environments for all stages of the life cycle in this webinar will be talking about three aspects and offering some fresh perspectives on first the economics of families prevailing wisdom suggests that families with young children or Acosta communities where as retiring baby boomers are a form of gray

Gold but the reality is that both groups represent important costs and benefits for communities understanding these economic realities will help communities plan for all ages secondly service integration traditionally we have provided services and age segregated silos the opportunity that integrated service delivery can improve service effectiveness and efficiency and finally

Physical design to promote more independence among children and elders we need to design environments which provide housing and transportation alternatives and enable independence thereby reducing the need for services and promoting healthy lifestyles and development our two speakers today are professors Mildred Warner and Deborah how Mildred Warner is a professor city

And regional planning at Cornell University she directs the linking economic development and childcare project which has been funded by the Kellogg Foundation and the US Department of Health and Human Services and she spearheaded work with the American Planning Association on planners role in creating family friendly communities currently professor Warner is directing

A project looking at multi-generational planning among rural and urban communities and this is supported by the US Department of Agriculture Debra how is a professor and chair of the department of community and regional planning at Temple University she’s directed an administration on Aging grant to raise awareness the importance of community plan

For aging and has given presentations and published on this topic for a number of years she recently led a Robert Wood Johnson Foundation study of land use policy innovations that contribute to built environments that support active living I want to draw your attention to some related events coming up at the APA

National Conference in Los Angeles next month first professor Warner will be hosting a focus group on multi-generational planning this focus group will be following our business meeting for the planning and women division it will be sunday april fifteenth from 1 to 2 p.m. and the location is a marriott hotel room

Georgia one also there is a session that the planning and women division will be sponsoring that will be very related to the topic today the title is creating child and age-friendly communities that will be Monday April sixteenth from 1030 to 1145 a.m. we will be hearing again

From professors orner and how as well as professor Kenya Covington from Cal State Northridge and Ramona Malay he from HUD in Hawaii I would also like to point out that the topic today and at the conference are related to two initiatives that the divisions in APA

Have been working on and focusing on one is aging and livable communities and the other is planning for more dynamic populations you can find out more about these divisions initiatives on the APA website under the topic heading of on the radar and at this point I will be introducing professor Mildred Warner

Hi is it is am I on them okay what I’d like to talk to you all about today is the economic impact of families looking at both children seniors and caregivers and what I want to do with my talk is something’s held up here ok sorry we had

A little technical difficulty ok what I want to talk about Libby had just talked about this sandwich generation and the fact that we all have care needs and care responsibilities throughout the life cycle so when we’re young and when we’re old we need care and when we’re

Sick and then sort of in that little period of life we are the primary caregivers and in the u.s. society we typically tend to think of these care burdens as the private responsibility of families and yet the reality is that these problems are in many ways structural they’re they’re born by

Demographics and they can be addressed if we design our communities in ways that are more supportive of both children and elderly elders to help them maintain their independence and also more supportive of the caregivers themselves if we think about how we plan and design transportation systems housing recreation systems to support

Both those who need care and those who are giving it and the purpose of this lecture today discussion today is to talk about what’s planners role but I want to start with giving some context we can think about the fact that when you are in need of care it’s costly and

The cost is not just born privately but it’s also born in part by public funding sources in this picture you have in front of you comes from a report by Julia Isaac’s at the Urban Institute which looks at federal state and local spending on elders and children and what

You’ll notice is that the circle of public spending on the elderly is three times larger than the circle that captures public spending per child not only do we spend more on elders that spending is primarily born at the federal level whereas spending for children is a burden that’s primarily

Born at the local level if we break this down further and look at it by age Ryan Edwards has done this using 2004 data and what we see is that the red line which is state and local expenditures begin to rise after age five with public schooling then they drop after age 18

But many communities support community colleges and job training programs and then they don’t begin rising again until about age 75 and this is when when elders age and begin to need more community support services you’ll notice that the federal the blue line is pretty flat up until about age 55 and then it

Starts to rise and again this is capturing primarily Medicaid and Medicare and Social Security payments what I want to draw your attention to is the under investment by both federal and state and locals or public governments on the 0 to 5 group little children and their care is really considered the

Private responsibility of families in our society and the under investment in care supports for young children and their parents is one of the themes that I want to give special emphasis to in my part of today’s webinar at the other end of the graph you see I have some arrows

Pointing from the red line pointing back in in the blue line pointing out and the idea here is that the current debates in Congress suggest that there’s real pressures to reform that is reduce federal support for elderly and what this will do is increase the expectations and requirements that local

Governments face because the fact of the matter is that people live in cities and the cities where they live have to respond to their needs you know whatever the legislation says the the needs are in your community and you must respond so that takes us to this issue of the

City and it’s actually a rather difficult context for family-friendly planning cities are expected to increase their tax pay and there’s recognition that families particularly families with young children cost more to serve and may not contribute as much to the local tax base similarly with elders on property tax circuit breakers for senior citizens

Also reduce the amount of tax revenue received the pressure for economic development has really been focused on young professionals and empty nesters this creative class and cities have rebuilt themselves particularly their downtown’s to attract these childless families and with devolution cities are burning with more social responsibilities but yet they still feel

This need to focus on economic productivity and as I said before family care in the u.s. is considered private it’s often unseen in economic planning and I think that’s the part that really needs to change so there’s positive openings in this economic development logic even though we’re in a recession

Right now we will be seen labor scarcity especially for low-wage jobs in the care sector in the child care sector and in the home health care sector and many of these jobs are staffed by young parents who have young children and because the of the mist spatial mismatch with where

Lower-income workers live and where the the needs are you end up with a lot of long commutes to work this is something the planners can address this emphasis on creative class has begun to shift towards emphasis on creative society and the notion that for communities to be

Vibrant they need to retain families as young as young adults marry or have children you don’t want to lose them to other communities you want to keep them in your own community and there’s also a recognition that very young children are actually an economic development investment as well and that we need to

Pay attention to what the brain research shows us about the the important benefits of high-quality early childhood experiences in giving us returns to preschool and better school performance as children go forward so what this suggests is that we need a comprehensive approach now what I’m going to do in the

Next few slides is try to debunk the myth that families with young children cost too much and we should zone them out of our communities I want to turn us turn that logic around and begin to think about the economic importance of families with young children and what

You see in this current chart it’s Consumer Expenditure survey data that shows average annual income and average annual expenses by age group and what you’ll notice is that people in the 35 to 64 age group which is the age where you mostly find families with children still at home earn the highest incomes

And spend the most and this is important for local economic development let’s look at what they spend their money on now the total spending on children on average the average spending that the typical family makes per child is over two hundred thousand dollars over the

Course of birth to age 17 what do they spend it on seventy-seven percent of those expenditures are on local services housing at thirty-one child care’s at seventeen food at sixteen transportation at thirteen these are the critical services important for children and thank frankly they’re important for all

Of us and they’re the critical services that make our economies function and that make them good places to live there’s been a lot of work around the country on economic regional economic impact analysis where people have come up with multipliers so what does a new dollar spend in childcare generate in

The broader economy what does a new job in childcare generate in the broader economy and what you’ll see in these multiplier comparisons which are based on analysis we did of all 50 states so these are state-level multipliers you’ll see that for every new dollar spent on childcare there’s an extra 91 sense

Generated in the economy beyond that first dollar and for every new job created in childcare there’s an extra half job generated in the rest of the economy through the multiplier effect when we compare these childcare multipliers to other infrastructure sectors like colleges or local passenger transit or quality of life

Sectors like eating and drinking or amusement services or traded sectors like wholesale retail tourism and manufacturing you’ll see that childcare compares favorably or actually slightly better on its multipliers than these other sectors traditionally economists have ignored local services saying they don’t count but what we’re recognizing now that we’re in a world that’s

Primarily a service economy is that local services actually count for a lot in terms of employment economic well-being and quality of life in the local community and services for children are especially important among local service sectors Laura Ries has done some interesting work looking beyond the attention to the creative

Class to attention on families with children and she’s done analysis of 300 cities and compared their economic growth and asked what leads to it are they the creative economy variables that have been so popularized by richard florida’s work which talks about the importance of college-educated at s nick

Diversity and foreign born and you’ll see the correlations here in this picture they’re important but then she also looks at families with children and shows that the cities that have more families with children have higher economic growth and cities that attract people in the 32 34 Adrian Ames age

Range which is when you’re typically starting on that family formation also have higher economic growth and then she looks at other public investment possibilities in infrastructure school construction high school graduation rates Parks and Rec and also these are things that are positively associated with economic growth okay in the first

Part of the talk I wanted to turn the turn the idea around and suggests that families with young children are actually positive contributors to economic growth and I think these past slides have shown that now the challenge is to figure out what can planners you now there’s a number of things that

Planners can do we can focus on transportation that’s not just about journey to work but journey to childcare and then work and then back to childcare into the grocery store and home and we can think about that trip chaining and our transportation plans we can link childcare to economic development and

Promote business development support and economic development loans for child care because it’s a sector that has a lot of market challenges and needs economic development support cities can focus on providing recreational services for children and for elders safe routes to schools are common in many communities the need for walkable

Streets is something that we’re giving more attention to now affordable housing is critical for young families and for elders because at these times in the life cycle or when you have less income and less money to spend it’s also important to involve families in planning debate you’re beginning to see

More attention to youth planning efforts and plan efforts that include elders and as we mentioned in the introduction there appears to be the possibility to begin to integrate services for children and elders rather than have these services segregated into silos of programs for children as being separate programs for elders they’re made there

Are more possibilities for service integration than we’ve attempted in the past and finally and Deborah how we’ll talk a lot about this in the next in the next part of our webinar we need to give more attention to universal design physical design that’s accessible for all people not just folks in the middle

But little kids elders disabled everyone now there’s rising interest across the u.s. in this issue in 2005 the AARP did a survey of people over age 50 and found that the majority of baby boomers want to age in place now when you think about what kinds of community design features

You need to age in place they’re very similar to the things that young children need for healthy development walkable streets transit because on seniors who have given up their cars or their licenses and children who aren’t yet old enough to drive or both transit dependent populations they need nearby services

That are walkable they need affordable housing they need recreation spaces that are appropriate to their developmental stage and they need opportunities for civic engagement around the country over the last 15 years coalition’s of child care leaders businesses along typically led by their chambers of commerce and economic development leaders have been

Coming together to do regional economic impact studies of the child care sector recognizing that child care is a infrastructure in which we have under invested most communities in the u.s. face and inadequate supply of affordable quality childcare and so these coalition’s have come together to say what can we do to strengthen this

Critical infrastructure in our communities in 2008 we worked with the American Planning Association to conduct a survey on planners role in creating more family friendly cities and on this survey we measured attitudes toward families with young children barriers and opportunities to make positive action on the ground and what I want to

Show you in the next few slides is a few of those survey results and on the slide we’re looking at right now you see a series of attitude statements and the overwhelming positive support that responding planners gave to these to these attitude statements and the question was do you agree disagree

Various ranges of disagree and do you agree and the 97% here is those who agree that yes families are important to community sustainability they’re a valuable consumer population this reflects some of the slides I showed you earlier they also agree that communities are more vibrant if they have people of

All ages so you retain people across the entire lifecycle they noted the families with young children have higher civic engagement and they also recognize that family’s needs are quite similar to those of the elderly on this next slide I i’m giving you the results from the survey that

Address challenges what are the barriers that currently exist in your community that prevent it from being family-friendly and lack of affordable housing is the top one with sixty-six percent of the almost a thousand planners who responded to the survey saying this well this was an issue exclusionary zoning and single use

Zoning was by was noted by slightly less than half insensitive urban design property taxes being too high and this gets back to the finance question lack of services parking requirements lack of quality education and interestingly crime was not listed as a barrier that prevents communities from being family-friendly we also found barriers

That we related to ignorance lack of understanding of the issue and active resistance so let’s look at this at this next table and you’ll see that complexity of issue unaware of what is required this we we we capture more as as ignorance not knowing what to do as

Compared to the ones at the bottom NIMBYism lack of voices for families in sufficient political interest lack of community interest as being some of these are more active resistance barriers resistance to change resistance to addressing on the issues that you need to address if you’re going to make

Your cities more friendly to to families with young children so planners can do a lot to advance family and interest in transportation we can move beyond a focus on the car and think about trip Chaney as I mentioned before on housing we can look at accessory flats we can

Also look at zoning that allows child care by right in housing developments with respect to child care most planners do not realize there’s an inadequate supply of quality affordable childcare in their communities and this is entering scene because when we’ve done surveys of economic developers the majority of them

Do recognize the problem of an adequate childcare supply family participation is important particularly if you involve families in youth in helping to think about planning design you’ll get more comprehensive approaches and as I mentioned before economic development and planning tools can be applied to scare services to help promote their

Economic viability and to expand the quality and the affordability of those services in your community we took the results of the APA survey and we did some regression analysis on it and we found that communities that engage families and youth participation in their planning process do more actions to support families similarly

Communities that brand themselves as family-friendly do more actions as do those that include family issues in their site planning and zoning rules interestingly we found the mid-sized cities had less action than either the smaller ones or the larger ones which again might suggest the challenges that suburbs are facing in in retrofitting

Themselves and redesigning themselves to meet the needs of transit dependent populations we also discovered that acts communities have had more action on the ground faced more resistance but we wondered if you could reduce that resistance in any way and we discovered that positive attitudes help to reduce

Resistance now how do you get positive attitudes that partly involves an education process and involving people in the planning process but it turns out that in the comprehensive plan if you actually put in your plan goals that talk about supporting families with young children that’s actually where

Some of the resistance will come up in these in this broad articulation of community goals is where you will see resistance make itself felt and it’s partly based on ignorance of how to move but once you get to the specifics of site planning and zoning those aren’t related to resistance so

It’s sort of this broad articulation of the vision as distinct from the more specific nitty-gritty of what you do on daily planning and zoning rules so that’s where you really get the action but the comprehensive planning is important to work on these common visions but that’s also where you get

The resistance so that’s something to think about in fact you all can tell me whether or not this has been your experience in your in your own communities but this is what showed up in the survey that we did with APA in 2008 so what I want to turn my attention

Now is this this new project that we’re working on here that the US Department of Agriculture has has funded us to look at and to look at the promise of multi-generational planning because one of their concerns is particularly for smaller and rural communities that have been retirement destination communities

They’re going to face increasing demands from elders as they as they aged and become more in more need of services and that many of the things they need are things that are also needed by young children and the idea here is that if we could craft a common vision and the AARP

Survey show us that the needs are pretty similar between children and elders we can begin to think about how we might share and integrate services and how we might promote more universal design that encourages people to be independent over a longer period of their life cycle and

This takes us to the new approaches to planning that we want to talk about for the rest of this webinar today so on the common vision ish issue we have ethnic income and cultural diversity across the generations and in the next slide i’m going to show you you’ll see how how

Important this is and despite this diversity i’m arguing that their common needs and common interest across these groups with respect to physical planning I think there’s tremendous room for universal design both in terms of our streetscapes in terms of walkability and complete streets but also in terms of

How we think about development and particularly mixed-use development we can also certainly use universal design principles in housing when we think about housing that can the can that you could stay in throughout the lifecycle or accessory flats that will help to increase density in suburban areas and place elders near on

Younger families who can provide informal care supports finally with respect to shared services it’s possible to use transportation to and day care settings that can support both child and elder care we can think about our parks and recreation departments as providing services not just for you but also for

The elders and then there’s a lot of opportunity for school and community collaborations it’s actually pretty exciting but the point I want you to remember here is that Environmental Design can enhance the independence of both children and elders environments enable and they disable if the door

Weighs a thousand pounds none of us can open it if the handle is too high a child can’t reach it they’re there things that are that are relatively easy to change that can enhance the independence of populations that have traditionally been made dependent by poor environmental design I was talking

About the the challenge of building coalitions across the generations and this graphic put together by policy link out in California I think shows this quite well this is the US population by age race and ethnicity and what you’ll notice is that today’s children are more heavily minority than today’s elders and

This difference in at race and ethnicity which also is reflected in a difference of income I think is part of what makes it difficult for us to build a conversation across this whole life span and particularly talk about the commonality of interest in needs on the

Part of seniors and children but I think if we could do so it could really help us move forward the a conversation about multi-generational planning I had mentioned the possibility of integrating services and here are some examples from California and San Jose and fruitvale near Oakland where they integrated housing childcare with

Light rail stops and so what you see here is new development near transit so you have a transit-oriented development that has childcare right next to the transit stop and housing right next to that so you get some you get to mix funding streams you get to be in a place

That’s already convenient for people in terms of arriving with their children because they’re they’re heading to the transit station anyway and it’s an opportunity to reduce the stress and the burden on families and actually two more integrate housing transportation and care services the opportunities for service integration are ones I’m

Particularly excited about and there’s been the beginning of more interest on joint use agreements and shared services across agencies across ages and between cities and schools and planners are a group that I think could give a lot more attention to thinking about the possibilities of collaborations with schools because schools are often the

Only public institution located in a neighborhood and they could become more full service institutions for those across the lifecycle the motivators to do this are the notion of improved access with a neighborhood based institution the opportunity to improve service quality to share costs and schools are under very deep financial

Pressures there’s also some economies of scale and there’s the fact of underutilized facilities if you have buildings that are left closed you know 8 10 hours a day particularly in the evenings and weekends when the wind the broader set of residents in the community are in the neighborhood often

At that time schools and their facilities are closed the barriers to such coordination are the challenges of coordination thinking about the different priorities of schools versus communities the staffing issues the budgeting issues particularly regarding maintenance and the janitor that will have to stay there to keep the school open

There’s concerns with risk management and liability but these can all be addressed what you need is a structure for collaborative planning and I’d like to highlight Charlotte North Carolina because they’ve created such a structure they have a committee that looks at infrastructure development of all types be it transportation schooling anything

With the city and they coordinate across all departments and here’s an example with sterling elementary school and Charlotte area transit sterling elementary was a new school built out in a more outline community and the transit wanted to extend a light rail stop and place it near the school but there was a

Challenge with where to have enough room for the parking lot and the need for a children’s playground so by combining funding they actually built a parking garage and this playground that you’re looking at is the is the is the roof of the parking garage so the cars are

Underneath in three levels and the children are on a flat level direct with the school for their playground and this area is built near a it’s on a steep slope so what you’ve done is you’ve evened up the the land area for the school and you’ve taken advantage of

That slope to put in your parking garage and you have this very convenient location for parents particularly as they’re dropping kids to school and then heading on into work on my last slide here I’m mentioning some of the resources that we have for you the Cornell project has just produced a new

Issue brief on the economic importance of families with children and this is available on our website economic development in childcare um and it’s also available on the webinar website today so if you want to click on that or either of our two presentations they’re both available I also wanted to make you

Aware of in plan the national policy and legal analysis Network which has worked on the liability issues for school and community collaborations and then finally I wanted to highlight the center for cities and schools which is based out of Berkeley and has done a lot of interesting work on these joint use agreements

With that I’m going to turn it over to Deborah how okay thanks Mildred I really welcome the opportunity to talk with everybody today I have been working on this topic for nearly 25 years when I first secured an administration on Aging grant in the late 80s to test and training materials

Directed to planners and local policymakers about what we should be doing at the community level to plan for Navy society the urgency for me personally it’s become even greater as I’m dealing with four elderly parents in laws and parents that are raising the age between 85 and 96 and so the urgency

Is more significant personal at a personal level I really feel deeply that there is much that we need to be taking on as a professional as a professional community to address the needs of an aging society so I will be making the case as to why this is important and

Then giving a range of examples as to what we can do to respond to these needs aging is a process that begins the moment here we are born it involves growth development and change aging enables us to do wonderful things in our lives to raise families to see the world

To lead productive lives and to stretch our limits in multitudinous ways but our abilities change over time in short we begin to wear out no surprise here we just think of all we ask our bodies to do through the years but it’s important to understand these dimensions of the

Changes that we may face we don’t know exactly what we are going to individually experience these things that are listed here are pretty typical and I should note that when I was involved in developing a planning advisory service report for the APA initially the editor didn’t want me to

Include a section on these changes because they thought it was too depressing and I pointed out that this is the reason why we need to pay attention to changes in their environment so strength agility and fine motor control and decline in bone density can contribute to problems with

Balance and an increased risk of injuries from Falls in terms of vision the lens of the eye becomes harder less flexible more yellow and more opaque contributing to myriad problems including difficulty and depth perception increased sensitivity to Claire and inability to focus on near objects such as written material hearing

Taste smell and skin sensitivity create challenges in daily life flexibility and reaction times significant bearing in terms of our capacity to continue driving and the propensity towards Falls mental health is an issue particularly as people suffer a significant loss and change in their life and have to cope

With declining abilities in in there in terms of physical and emotional capacities dementia affects half of all people aged 85 and older with impairments including loss of orientations short and long term memory and ability to carry out sequential tasks along with slow reaction time my own dad was flying an airplane six years

Ago when he was 82 he’s now in a dementia spent three years as a dementia unit and he can’t remember a guy visit with him he can’t remember at past 15 minutes so you very much learned to enjoy the time and live in the here and now when you’re working with older

People and it took a long time before he comprehended that he could no longer fly airplane on while aging is a very personal experience it has enormous societal implications due to greater longevity the number of older people is increasing dramatically in 1900 we had 3.1 million is by 2050 we will have 80

۶٫۷ million the the fastest growing age group is the oldest of the old in the cohort that ranges from 85 to 90 for that increased in two thousand from 3.9 million to 5.1 million so we are not only having more older people what we’re getting more of this frail elderly as we

Change so does our need for assistance which increases by age and for those who are 85 and above half of all these people will need daily assistance in their in their life historically that support has been provided by families but our family demographics are changing very significantly and that means that there

Are fewer family members to care for their elders so in 1976 for women who were aged 40 to 44 ten percent were childish childless and they averaged 3.1 children per per woman in contrast in 2002 it was eighteen percent child was an average one point nine children per

Woman I met a colleague at Portland State University who had a single child and this young man faces the prospects of getting providing support not only to his parents but two uncles and aunts that do not have children so you know raises questions about what’s going to

Be possible as these people aged in terms of level of family support cost of care are very significant on nursing home care a virgin 2010 $205 daily for semi-private room assisted living facilities anyway 3300 and above my dad who was in a assist as what’s called a memory care unit we’re talking about

Fifty to fifty three hundred dollars a month he’s been there 53 I’m sorry he’s been there three years and so you can do the math it’s a significant cost and that’s born privately the federal government doesn’t pay that additional issues include the economic of this economic decline that we’re all

Experiencing and for the four elders they don’t have yet the the perspective that maybe in ten years they’ll be able to you know survive if they are having to deal with fact that they do not have money for the immediate future that they need again an example from my own family

Situation my parents had an investment in a bank that went belly-up and the bank has socket who’s a bank that my dad has helped start and it had been worth three hundred thousand dollars and my mother had to sell the stock for ten thousand dollars

Now she was going to live on that and that’s not going to happen now and i always say these stories just did to mention the large numbers that are incomprehensible the loss and the impact on on retirees right after the initial part of the economic decline in 2008 was

Calculated something on the order of two trillion dollars and i can’t comprehend that number but when you personalize that you begin to realize this is this is serious business so the impact of rising fuel costs is significant and then there’s the issue of the crossover point in the housing market where we

Have so many older people who are trying to sell their houses houses and there’s not enough people to buy to to buy their houses and so housing values decline that’s separate from the issue of the 2008 economic decline the senior citizens League estimated average Social Security benefits of a thousand dollars

Per month were they lost fifty one percent of their spending power between 2000-2008 did due to increases in energy medical housing insurance and other costs the the dilemma that we face is that the house the the market that we’ve created the environment that we have created does not support an aging

Society the single family home is quite dominant throughout the United States and it has a number of problems relative to the capacity of people to age in place we have a lot of people older people who are living in the suburbs half of them are currently in the

Suburbs by 2030 it’s going to be eight out of ten one quarter fourth of them are living in rural areas three quarters are in single-family detached homes with 1,700 square feet and and more on third acre lots not quite a third of all seniors live alone for those 85 and above thirty

Seven percent of men as fifty percent of women live alone and it might be a different scenario if more people lived with their families in terms of being able to provide support however we people choose and want to live alone and there are problems in terms of them

Joining their families and living in multi-generational households ownership race are over eighty percent the median duration in the home is 25 years the i should i should note that any number of times planners have asked why people don’t simply move and there’s real challenges and moving there are

Oftentimes not places that they can move to and they also when the market is gone down they may not have alternatives and sell their property it’s not going to be able to sell very much and the alternatives that they would buy into or so expensive so in order to just

Illustrate how i would go about dimensioning some of the aging issues i wanted to just share a case study of upper couple in pennsylvania this is a suburban community that is the the where my campus is located i’m in Temple University amber campus which is about 17 15 miles 50 miles northwest of

Philadelphia proper the offered Upper Dublin is a community of about twenty twenty-five thousand six hundred residents predominantly white eighty-three percent and they’re very high quality schools I did a presentation for them on Aging and have presented this kind of the background that I had just given you and then I

Went into more specifics about upper dublin and this kind of analysis you could do for any community this is the standard comparison that we as planners do and that is that we compare the demographics from 11 era to enough next so this one is comparing 1992 2000 and

So you can see where there’s changes in each five-year age cohort in this case what I’ve done is show the differences the absolute differences between the 1998 cohort and the 2,000 age cohorts and when you look at this you initially have the impression that oh there’s an increase

In the people it between 70 and 74 and between 75 and 79 so there must be people that are aging in place or maybe there’s people moving in this community etc but that’s not a correct interpretation that may be appropriate in terms of providing data that’s useful for understanding service needs in this

Community but it’s not going to tell you about the dynamics of the change that’s occurring in this community because in two thousand the people who live there in 1990 will be 10 years older so you need to age the 1990 data and then compare it to 2000 and you get a

Somewhat different graphic so this one shows any any change in this cohort these cohorts is a result of people in these age groups moving into or out of the community we can see that families with the children are moving into the community note the increase in the 10 to

۱۴ age group and the 25 to 49 age group no I’m sorry the 35 to 49 age group you’ll see that the young adults are moving out between 20 and 30 for and in fact older people are moving out now some people may be passing away but in

Contrast is the previous graphic where there was an absolute increase in the 72 74 and 75 79 these people are moving out because what this graphic reflects is the the number of people who were in the age cohort in nineteen ninety plus ten years so the reason why the numbers were

Higher in the previous graphic this one was because you had a lot of people age sixty to seventy four and seven 65 to 69 in 1990 and they’re now 10 years older so these these graphs this helps identify issues that have a bearing on the extent to which this community can and does

Support aging and they look at this and go immediately you wonder okay why are the young people moving out well in all likelihood it’s an issue of housing availability housing costs why are seniors moving out in all likelihood it’s problem with housing I mean it raises questions that you can then test

And follow up with additional admission and I had noted that this is a school of the community is very strong on the school so that’s why the families are moving it but it just pulled out some additional data and it shows that the owner occupied units were almost ninety percent including singles three-quarters

Of them are one unit detached housing another fifteen percent earth are the row houses median rent is eight hundred ninety dollars all of this is information that the community can use in terms of understanding their dynamics households which they have far more seniors in their households and I think

They realized when I shared this data with them one quarter of all households have somebody who is 65 and above and they’re also a very strong longevity in this community of people living in their housing units of 20 years or more so we have this debt you know if anybody can

Do this with their own community the community next door which is an older bro will have very different dynamics let’s explore now some of the the alternatives that are available in in terms of meeting the needs of older people issues of access these pictures are all showing problems with

Accessibility and getting into a house the one in there fart for a right upper right just shows a small step into a house but I knew a young man who had muscular dystrophy and he would not be able to negotiate that step that’s a huge barrier barrier to him the one on

The right it shows a lower right shows extensive retrofit to accommodate a person with wheelchair the one on the left is you know typical of some of our older housing stock all those sad thing is that so much new housing continues to be built with that that’s

The kind of steps in mind it’s expected it’s the norm and yet it’s something that’s not necessarily needed in new construction this woman here Elinor Smith has been the leader in developing the concept of visibility she is disabled she uses a wheelchair and she’s the director of concrete chain they

Changed based in Atlanta her efforts have led to the passage of local ordinances resulting in more than 35,000 visible homes which were built deliberately with basic access even though intended for the open market in other words requirements that new houses were to have three particular requirements they had to have a way of

Accessing the first floor with zero step and it can be in the front of the house as in the lower right image or in the back of the house as in the upper right image it can be through a garage door it could be in an alley etc in the Pima

County Arizona visit ability requirements in 2002 resulted in fifteen thousand new visible housing units within five years so it’s an example of a change that was pretty simple in concept and yet has had a profound impact changes can cost as little as a hundred dollars for non slab

Construction or 300 to 600 dollars per house with a foundation retrofitting houses that do not have such combinations can cost thousands of dollars here’s an example of the access through the alley and the garage the garages of a house and also it shows how visibility can be accommodated as well

In new ro housing universal design which Mildred just mentioned earlier is a concept in which there’s the design is provided as it dresses people of all abilities I’m interested specifically here and its focus on housing it can be a significant consideration and design for public buildings and recreational areas and

Even applied to a community as a whole the idea is that people can can use this or that you may have an ability to easily modify something to accommodate somebody with disability later on so you might for example not have a grab bar in initially but you may have the studs in

Place within the wall so that you could have put in a grab bar later on it can be quite elegant no the handle at the lower left and it could be something that’s planned for the future so for example the closet in the upper right is actually designed to be an elevator

Shaft should somebody at some point needs to have that accommodation accessory dwellings they include separate living units within the main structure of a single-family home a backyard cottages or apartments above garages they are subordinate to the main dwelling that’s supporting the overall single-family housing image the units provide opportunities for additional

Income for the homeowner living space for caregivers their family members more security for those who live alone and greater flexibility in the use of housing resources ad use are viable housing alternatives in all sorts of communities of what damage is above or in Brattleboro Vermont the lower left is

Hood River Oregon the lower right is in Seattle I’m a proponent of flexible housing which is the idea there is that you design a house so that you can create or remove an accessory apartment very easily and so a young family who might not have an income with Cabot an

Accessory department to help offset their mortgage as their family grows they could remove it and use the space and then they could go back to using the accessory Department later on I personally feel that that this is something that every municipality should allow and they should allow it with very

Little limitations because there’s so many accessory apartment on provisions that are just over restrictive they might restrict it to elders or to family members that you know they’ll only allow for a family member to live in the apartment and I just think that that really limits the

Usability of this approach in terms of meeting our needs I think it’s tremendously exciting that we’ve moved in the direction across the country with mixed-use development it’s creating many exciting forms including housing above libraries grocery stores and other retail uses once the purview of revitalizing downtown some excuses can

Be increasingly found in suburban communities for older adults it represents an opportunity to downsize their housing and to move these locations that require less reliance on cars and offer the opportunity for more physical activity which can support long-term health shifting gears now going to be focusing on housing here to

Talk a little bit about mobility seniors are 15 times more likely to be killed as pedestrians than as drivers as they represent one-fifth of all road users as pedestrians and yet one hell half of all pedestrian deaths driving may be the only option when walking and transit youths becomes more difficult I’ve seen

Planners any number of times they’ll let let them revert to using them a bus but using transit is very very challenging it needs to be understood what those challenges are in order to make realistic assumptions about what people will do and furthermore people are unlikely to start using transit if they

Haven’t been lifelong users of transit it’s important to bear in mind that by 2030 one quarter of all drivers will be aged 65 and above I believe we’re currently at about one in five drivers and as I’ve mentioned before in terms of the limitations that many of them face

In driving we should all be concerned because there are some dangers on the roads represented by some drivers who should no longer in many of whom should no longer be driving the so transportation planners must comprehend they meet challenges faced by older drivers including vision constraints such as cataracts and

Difficulties with focusing confusion and disorientation slower reaction time difficulty looking over the shoulder one-shoulder reactions to medications such as drowsiness etc and we need to find creative ways of understanding the range of limitations and movement so here’s an example of some researchers trying to simulate what these

Constraints would be I think it’s very important to pay attention to details it’s important to pay attention to our individual experiences we’ve all had experiences and if we started talking with people we recognize things that we should be changing in our environment so for example I was walking into a store

One day and I hurt my mother was behind me and I heard a gasp and I looked and she was she had tripped over a one inch rise in the curb and it had been painted to show that there was a ride there but she was wearing bifocals and sunglasses

And didn’t see it she broke her nose in two places in end up with 27 stitches and it caused me as a planner to go okay what about our standards this was a ramp that was built code it was painted code and yet it didn’t work quite right so we

Need to be constantly looking at situations like that and learning from them and then informing policy through those observations so we’ve got we have a range I mean and it’s not just driving of course it’s walking we need to have appropriately sized sidewalks we need to have appropriately timed stoplights so

That people have enough time to get through an intersection and if not if it’s too long of a intersection there should be a refuge area for them we need to recognize the various forms of small motorized vehicles that we may not be used to on our roadways and plan accordingly

We also may need to pay attention to as a design of our benches you know I’ve mentioned more than once that people have a hard time twisting and turning as they get older and so the bench on the lower left may we may see more and more of those in our communities because

They’re more comfortable for people to sit and they don’t have to twist and turn to talk to each other we need to be providing for shade on the bench and the upper right and the image to the left shows how a that setup could accommodate somebody who’s in a mobile unit as is

That man in the middle image we also need to be paying attention to signage the the sign on the right is show is actually was done to demonstrate the difference in science sizes so that it would accommodate people with vision constraints the vision the image on the

Left the fourth freeway Port Heron that actually was put up initially that way the one on the right is the state highway sign is to show a new typeface and larger size this was done this way and the two signs left up so that people at this conference could see could get

It have an appreciation of what the differences were in those standards we need to you know you could see in the image on the lower right it’s really hard for people to see that sign you know it is the cross street and any time any of us have planners as planners have

Difficulty seeing something or comprehending of Italy as a sign or wayfinding etc if we’re having problems that we have are not currently constrained by with vision problems or anything like that then we need to route translate that as the things that we should pay attention to relative to

Somebody who you know an older adult there’s a lot of different there’s a lot of different frameworks for planning for aging these are a few of the ones that I’ve listed here they are most of them to be honest or ones that have been developed in and driven by

Social service organizations as opposed to planners my experience that is that planners have not been taking a lead in this arena and I really do feel that we should recent AARP article indicates there are over 300 aging focused livable community initiatives throughout the US that’s not enough I mean it’s more than

It happened 20 years ago but we still there’s much more that we need to do just connecting all of this back to the overall economic theme of this webinar I’d like to say the following our built environment imposes huge economic costs from the aging process affecting not only older adults and their caregivers

But society as a whole in the extent to which we can use our land use and development policies and practice to create more supportive environments we can reduce housing and transportation costs and create safer environments that facilitate mobility at physical activity and health and reduce the risks of

Injury to our elders and to society as a whole I am of course considering here the risks to all of us of older people who are no longer safe drivers we collectively have the opportunity to create more livable communities that provide alternatives that enable continued independence as we age and

Allows for less stressful caregiving to this end we must learn to appreciate how older people experience the environment and use this understanding to make changes that enhance our quality of life the aging of society gives us an unprecedented opportunity to do things differently to bring people into the planning process there’s lots of

Resources out there I wasn’t going to try to put a bunch of them on a screen that was only to be up here for a moment I do want to direct attention to the AAR Public Policy Institute that they have generated a number of resources including a livable communities

Evaluation guide and more recently the aging in place of state survey of livability policies and practices lots of ideas these things are available on the web the National Association of area Agencies on Aging partners for livable communities and MetLife foundation have a major initiative on livable communities and have developed a

Blueprint for action that’s also available on the web and so now we’ll turn this back to everybody else for a discussion okay this is libby Tyler and I’ve been gathering some questions that have come in and we do have about 20 more minutes that we can take questions

And answer them so what I’d like to do is start with some questions that came in for professor Mildred Warner’s talk that are some clarification so two people asked about the survey that was referenced was that taken of planners attitudes or were those residential attitudes and not sure Mildred if you

Write that can identify okay yeah that survey was of planners and it was of planners attitudes so yes there can be a considerable difference between planners attitudes and residents attitudes but we were curious to know what planners thought and what we with the focus groups actually happened to the 2008 AP

A meeting in Philadelphia and I was surprised that the responses of planners were as positive to those attitude statements as they were of course the challenge is moving that conversation and out to the level of the community and getting more community buy-in but that’s where I think webinars like this

Education opportunities and examples can actually move us a long way okay another question clarification question for you on the barriers to family friendly communities with transit availability ranked low or perhaps not an option to be selected on that particular issue we had a whole section in the survey on

Transportation and it just didn’t show up in this slide I’m sorry and I and I should have included that most of the communities in our survey work are dependent very few had almost none had any light rail those that had any transit have buses and so the the

Answers to a transit questions were related to things like parking requirements and a little bit on buses so but the the the full we did a paf memo a planning advisory service memo on the survey and the that is one that APA has put up on its website for free and

It’s actually referenced in the issue brief that we’ve put up on the website today so if you want to see more detail on particular questions you can see it in that brief and also on my website we have the the raw survey data that’s up

For people to look at there were about a hundred questions and so you can see what planner said but this is planners view the professionals view not the citizens view and what is your website address again oh it’s right up here on the screen economic development in

Childcare org and if you go there you’ll see a picture on the front that says planning for family friendly communities and click on that and if you look around on that part of the page you will see the PAS memo you’ll see the stuff for today’s webinar and you’ll also see the

Survey results on the 2008 a PA survey well thank you okay and here’s a question that I think could be for either the presenters question is are you starting to see a cultural shift back to appreciation of the benefits of living in multi-generational homes or are people still strongly resistant to

That you want to start with that Mildred I’ll start first and then turn it over to Deborah what’s really interesting is it could very well be the case that the move to not being in multi-generational households was an aberration an aberration of post-world war two up to

The end of the century because before that time the notion of living in multi-generational settings was was actually pretty common in most societies and most cultures and it sort of waned in the u.s. in that post-war period what we’re seeing now is with the large increases particularly in Latino and Asian households the

Cultural preference for living in maintaining multi-generational households is much stronger among those population groups and that’s actually a very good thing because we’ve got a lot of big houses that need more people to fill them up now that family sizes are smaller and with the boomerangs of today

With the economy being that you’re seeing a lot of children young adults boomeranging back into their family household so I think we may begin to see more multi-generational households going forward and there was actually a project and we highlighted this in a multi-generational planning brief that

We did two years back and it was looking at how could we retool these large suburban homes to become more satisfactory for two three four five six generations well two three four five is what the project was called generations all living in one roof and so I think

That the potential of that is actually pretty high but i’d be interested in Deborah’s opinions well I think it’s mixed I think the economy is driving it and in many cases people are being forced into the multi-generational situation because they don’t have the choice they can’t do the money to put

Their elders in the assisted living for example and the young people are moving back in because they don’t have options my observation having my students in Portland State University we’re working with a Chinese community at one point and the elders were decrying the fact that they they’re young they’re children

Did not want them to live with them and so so we were hearing from elders that their children didn’t want them we were also hearing from elders that they didn’t necessarily want to live with the children and even if I’ve seen that as well in terms of the phenomena in China

And other Asian countries you’ve got a lot of seniors who are watching for various reasons to live alone some by choice and some not and in some cases is a rejection of the children and in other cases it’s um it’s something that they want to do on their own so I do think

It’s mixed I think that you see I think Mildred’s absolutely right the ethnic groups there’s many that are bringing that culture and that may create a model that people will see and they’ll really like and say that this could work but I think we’ve created major problems in our zoning in terms of

Making it feasible so I live in a township that has older houses and it has carriage houses that many of them are grandfathered in with apartments in the carriage houses but they’re not legal and so this is a place that has plenty of rooms for these kinds of

Accessory partments and the large old houses and the zoning codes does not allow for that to happen and I frankly think that if I ever got the situation where my we would consider having my mother live with us I’m not sure she’d want to because I’ve got young kids and

So I think that I think we’ve getting some models which are exciting in terms of seeing these intergenerational households that are healthy and that are they’re working well but we have to look at what kind of constraints we’ve created in terms of our zoning code and regulations that discourage that the

Other reality is that you’ve got you’ve got families that have spread all around the US and when you have young people going to find their way in another part of the country and families split and whatnot is it creates a problem in terms of and reemerging as an intergenerational household another

Question and I think this might be more for professor how it says how can these ideas be applied to rural or semi rural environments is it feasible for elders to expect to continue to live in these environments I it’s a challenge in the extent it becomes a challenge both in

Rural and suburban communities when we begin to lose our grocery stores and the other support services that we need for daily living I certainly can think of any number of rural communities that particularly the older boroughs that are relatively walkable and more dense and have more housing alternatives where it

Is feasible for somebody to age in place as long as they can find a way of accessing the food and medicine and things like that that they need I given some ideas and suggestions for dealing with the actual house itself and one can make the house very supportive

Of aging in place but you still have the issue of access to services and so it you have to look at those and you might be able to make the house more accessible but you’re going to have to put an array of services that will provide this support and it may well be

That it’s it’s and we didn’t talk about this I mean this topic is so large and we only have a limited time but there’s a range of services that are being developed around the country that are trying to connect people and provide supportive environments and it’s not

Happening it’s not just in urban areas there are some initiatives that are happening elsewhere that are trying to deal with older people in the rural communities but it becomes a service thing and that’s often out of the purview of planners and so you know the question here is whether or not the

Planners should try to connect with service agencies and try to do this more comprehensive planning to address the needs of older people in these communities okay thank you another question can i mentor no no Admiral issue this is where schools become absolutely fundamentally important because in rural communities often the

Only public institution is the school and rural communities many rural communities are losing their their young and so they actually have empty classrooms available so you can imagine think of your school as a place where you can have a congregate meal site and run the cafeteria for a second shift

Think of the school of the place that could offer elder daycare as well as child day care in an empty classroom and think of the ancillary benefits of that in terms of senior citizens helping to read to children etc it’s also possible to use the school bus as a public

Transit system and to do a second run to pick up elders or to pick up elders along with the children and if you have more adults on the bus maybe you’d have less behavior issues so for for service access in rural areas i think linking with the schools becomes absolutely

Critical it’s also important in terms of planning the USDA supports elder housing developments and it’s important to think about where those are located are located in the little village center so you’d be more accessible services are they located out in a green field and too much of our elder housing has been

Focused in green fields and that creates greater accessibility problems another question is about transit how can transit and suburbs be improved for the aging population this is a related question so again I would just say on that this idea of linked transit right now we have para transit facility our

Transit for elders para transit for disabled children para para transit for disabled adults we have Medicaid transit to help people get to doctors offices you could link all of those together to create a transit system even in communities that don’t currently have one and if you were able to link with

The school every community that doesn’t have a public transit system has a school transit system and if you could think about coming together I think you could begin to address your needs but it would require o moving across all these silos of schools and Department of Social Services and Department of Aging

And Department of Health and probably in communities that don’t even have a Department of transit so it definitely needs a planner to help think about how you bring that together but it is possible and I know if communities that have done it and it’s important to look at how individuals experience all of

This so I’ve heard of instances in which elders have gone to use a para transit system but the para transit system wouldn’t allow their grandchildren to travel on this on this little tiny vehicle and they need that assistance of this you know like a 10 12 13 year old

To help them carry their groceries so that policy framework would preclude them to be able to effectively use this that’s one consideration and you won’t find out that unless you talk with people who are using it and find out what their constraints are another typical constraint is a lot of people

Having comments problems and so they can’t sit in a vehicle for a very long time so how do you deal with that well one of them is to make sure that there’s easily accessible public restrooms at various stops if somebody has to get out and use it

Allow them to get out and use it and if you start you know dressing those kinds of nitty-gritty considerations people might be able to use the system that previously they could not thank you a question for diljit Warner how can government enable private development to satisfy these needs without using

Taxpayers money well government yeah I I got you that’s so one of the things is mixed use zoning I mean to allow some of this stuff to happen and the second is incentives and these incentives can be positive and they can be negative i’m thinking of california when it was

Experiencing its huge development pressure whole neighborhoods were getting built out without a single child care facility and the price of land was such that here which doesn’t make high returns couldn’t really afford to buy land and establish childcare centers so a number of cities in California put impact fees on new development for

Childcare so they made sure that there was a facility built in the neighborhood at the same time the neighborhood was built out to provide for childcare and what happens is and what the research shows is that when you build a full service community that has all these services at the beginning it’s actually

Easier to sell the houses because that’s the kind of community that people want to live in so as the population ages and more of us want to age in place we’re going to be looking for communities that offer these full service benefits and developers pay attention to market

Trends so I think one cities need to enable with their zoning codes and number two when developers aren’t sufficiently forward-looking cities need to force them through things like impact these thank you a question for Debra how how do you feel about zoning for home occupation child Karen why not the same

Type of care for seniors I think Mildred you’re the one that should handle that okay we’re having you work on that yes so in New York State about 20 years ago we made a child care in a person’s home up from any zoning rules statewide in California over the last decade and a

Half they’ve been going community by community making home-based childcare exempt from zoning regulations the sad news is that neighbors often think that childcare is an indie issue because it creates more traffic and more noise because when children play out 5 they they shout and scream these joyful

Little shouts and some people don’t like to hear joy it’s really kind of sad but for elder care I’m sure you would have similar issues of the particularly the drop-off in the pickup because it’s rather slow a person is slow getting out of the car they’re slow getting into the

Place but I think there’s we’re actually probably going to see a lot of family based elder care or just like people today care for children in their home under 10 or under five children they’ll probably be doing that for elders because if your if your elder parent is

Living with you when you’re off at work somebody needs to be watching them particularly if their own sort of memory care and it does make sense to congregate them in small groups where one provider can take care of several at a time plus there’s the socialization value that people need to be interacting

With other people at it improves their health and prolongs their life thank you another question on development it seems the construction of retirement communities are kind of productive to promoting Aging in Place have any large retirement community builders embraced any of the concepts which were spoken about today to make the living

Environment more dynamic for more than just retirees I actually had heard over the years anecdotes of retirement communities in arizona where they very specifically did not build sidewalks and make other provisions or aging because they wanted to attract the young old and they didn’t want people to come driving

Into the community and seeing frail elderly walking around on the with walkers in other words they wanted them to leave by the time their needs changed so yeah I mean there are those kinds of exam and you could give an example to prove everything but there are retirement

Communities in in Maryland that are being designed with universal design principles a lot of the retirement communities are out in the suburbs and a lot of them are dependent on cars and so they’re not designed you know with the higher density and the range of housing alternative but there some of them are

Moving in the directions of providing certainly providing the sidewalks and through end designing the internal design on the houses that are more supportive do you have more Mildred yes I had a student last year who did a thesis looking at retirement communities that were changing their charters to

Allow families with young children in them because they were having trouble filling up with just retirees and one of the features that was attractive to families with young children is the fact that there was a cafeteria on-site recreation facilities on site green space and some of them were doing

Co-located elder care and child care and it’s just the beginnings of a movement but i can remember myself my mother-in-law was in a one of those retirement communities that went from independent apartments all the way up and I remember visiting when my children were little insane man I would kill for

A place where you could go downstairs for dinner there was a bad going to the mall you know as a young mother with little kids so this would be really nice but recognizing that you also don’t want the little kids trippin somebody in causing them to fall and break their hip

But are there ways that you can think of some of it some of the design features in these communities even the ones in green fields do actually provide some living support services that would also be highly attractive to families with young children there was a senior housing project in Portland Oregon that

Had a child care center right in the heart of it which was a nice touch okay here’s another specific question which communities have used school transportation systems to transport older adults do either of you know of any I don’t you Mildred this is one where in New York

State we passed a law about 20 years ago making this possible and of course there’s a long distance between possible and willingness to move on it the better example I have is from Norwich New York which is a sort of northern part of Appalachia community without a lot of

Money and they took their paratransit for elders for pre-k they took their meals on wheels transit and their Medicaid transit and they put them all together and with their community action program they created the beginnings of the core the core of a fixed route transportation system that anybody could

Ride but they use those all those very sources of funding to help make the core happen and then they also had a dialer ride program as part of it getting the schools to participate you’re more likely to see schools that use the public transit for children and many

Cities do as opposed to rural schools that allow their transit to become transit for the public so it’s sort of like this is one that only goes one direction schools use public transit but very few schools have opened themselves to being available for other people’s transit but I think that’s where we’re

Going to be moving in the future okay and we we had a related question on the liability issues that might have been raised with that as well it’s got a comment here that it seems to the commenter that Aging in Place is possible when seniors are with it in

Quotes however however how realistic is it to say Aging in Place when seniors require constant assistance or continuous nursing anyone have a comment on that well then you want to try it sure I mean this is the point you need a variety of services for a variety of

Needs and the longer if you can keep a senior in their own home for an extra year you’ve saved what 30 40 50 thousand dollars so but there are times when people do need to be in more concentrated settings and I remember presentation by I think it’s called United Hebrew

Communities or something its elder care in Boston and the the director was saying you know we can get economies of scale if we can have people who need care all located in the same building because then the visiting nurse just goes from apartment to apartment she

Doesn’t have to get in a car and drive from house to house and we can actually put commercial services in the ground floor so that people want to go to shop they can just take the elevator and go downstairs so the notion of you know age focused housing does make sense but

Setting it in the context of the city and the other needs and recognizing that there’s a whole range of needs across the lifecycle and you you don’t want to jump to the age segregated notion too quick if if you could actually do other alternatives that actually may be a

Little cheaper and keep people independent and integrated with a community a little longer what Mildred is describing is a naturally occurring retirement community or norc and an orc can be an array of services that are provided to a cluster of older people that might be in a large apartment

Complex but you can also apply an orc in a neighborhood and there’s some wonderful models that are emerging there and essentially this would this would involve people who are living in their in their house and they would be regularly checked by professionals and volunteers and other caregivers and

There’s a system in place to catch people when they’re having problems but otherwise you know for the most part ensuring that they can continue their independence and thereby stay out of the medical facilities okay we’re we’re about out of time and there were some questions we didn’t get to so like to

Apologize also wanted to note that the powerpoints are up on the website which is WWE r g / webcast archive so utah APA in the archive and Brittany did you have final instructions yeah I’m thank you so much I’m Libby for moderating today’s event and for Mildred and Debra for their presentations and

For those of the attendees who are still with us I’m going to go through a few reminders just about submitting your CM credits for attending today’s event so just stick with us for a minute or so thank you guys okay well for those of you who are still

With us I want to go through a few reminders first off to log your CM credits for attending today’s webcast please go to www planning org slash cm select today’s date which is Friday March ninth and then select today’s webcast which is the economic impacts of and opportunities of families children

Elders and caregivers this webcast is available for one and a half cm credits we are also recording today’s session and you will be able to find a recording of this webcast along with a PDF of the powerpoints at ww Utah APA org slash webcast archive and this does conclude

Today’s session I want to thank everyone again for attending thanks Brittany

ID: RMwQtAv8BE8
Time: 1343159673
Date: 2012-07-25 00:24:33
Duration: 01:27:48

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