Title:استراتژی های یکپارچه انرژی پاک برای جوامع پایدار

۲۰-۰۱-۲۰۱۲ ارائه دهندگان: دیوید آگر، و برایان لویت این وب کست فقط برای مشاهده در دسترس است، برای اعتبارات AICP CM قابل استفاده نیست. این جلسه مقدمه ای برای بررسی ادغام استراتژی های انرژی پایدار در بافت شهری است که از اولین مراحل برنامه ریزی شروع می شود تا از عملکرد زیست محیطی بالاتر در ساختمان، سایت و مقیاس جامعه اطمینان حاصل شود. برنامه ریزی استراتژیک انرژی، تعیین اهداف و اهداف واقعی و توسعه یک برنامه استراتژیک سیستماتیک برای یکپارچه سازی و اجرای انرژی پاک نیز مورد بررسی قرار خواهد گرفت. یک رویکرد مبتنی بر سیستم برای برنامه ریزی شهری که شامل تجزیه و تحلیل هشت سیستم ضروری شهر است: اجتماعی، بازرگانی، تحرک، غذا، آب، زباله، انرژی و بیولوژیکی، چارچوب بحث را تعیین می کند. پیشنهاداتی برای استراتژی‌های تدریجی، مرحله‌ای و غیرمتمرکز که شامل انرژی پاک به عنوان بخشی از پروژه‌های توسعه مجدد است، مورد بحث قرار خواهد گرفت. حوزه‌های موضوعی خاص بحث عبارتند از: گنجاندن سیاست فناوری در برنامه‌ریزی شهری، سیاست‌های حمل‌ونقل جدید که می‌تواند به طور مثبت و منفی بر مصرف انرژی تأثیر بگذارد، شکل شهری و استراتژی‌های طراحی که می‌تواند انرژی طبیعی را مهار کند، ایده‌های کیت ابزار برای مسائل طراحی خاص، کد و پیشنهادات نظارتی برای انرژی پاک یکپارچه. پس از اتمام جلسه، شرکت کنندگان متوجه خواهند شد: مسائل انرژی و رابطه آنها با برنامه ریزی و طراحی شهری، رابطه بین برنامه ریزی جامع شهر و مهندسی سیستم های انرژی، عناصر کلیدی در توسعه یک برنامه استراتژیک انرژی برای یک سازمان پیچیده، تنوع گزینه های برنامه در دسترس برنامه ریزان هنگام تلاش برای تأثیرگذاری بر مصرف انرژی در یک جامعه، و اینکه چگونه برنامه های استراتژیک انرژی می توانند مفاهیم مربوط به سیاست های بهره وری استفاده از زمین را بهبود بخشند. شرکت کنندگان با مروری بر مسائل انرژی پاک مرتبط با برنامه ریزی و طراحی، چک لیستی برای ارزیابی برنامه ریزی یکپارچه انرژی (IEP) در همسایگی خود، پیشنهادات مختلف «کیت ابزار» برای یکپارچه سازی انرژی پاک را ترک خواهند کرد و برای مطالعه عمیق تر به منابع هدایت خواهند شد. این جلسه برای کسانی مناسب است که به طراحی شهری، برنامه ریزی شهری، برنامه ریزی انرژی، انرژی پاک، تغییرات آب و هوایی، طراحی شهری، سیاست انرژی و منطقه بندی علاقه دارند.

قسمتي از متن فيلم: Mode hello my name is Brittany kavinsky and I just want to welcome everyone it is now 1 p.m. so we will begin our presentation shortly today I’m january twentieth we will have our presentation on integrated clean energy strategies for sustainable communities given by David acre and Brian Leavitt for help

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Answer those at the end of the presentation during the question answer session here is a list of the sponsoring chapters divisions and universities I would like to thank all of the participating chapters divisions and universities for making these webcasts possible as you can see we have a quite

A few webcast scheduled for the beginning of this year to register for these upcoming webcasts please visit www and register for your webcast of choice we’re also offering distance education webcast to help you get your ethics or law credits these webcasts are available to view at ww utah APA org slash webcast

Archive you can now follow us on twitter at planning webcast or like us on Facebook planning webcast series to receive up-to-date information on the planning webcast series sponsored by chapters divisions and universities to log your CM credits for attending today’s webcast please go to ww pa ang

Org slash CM select today’s date which is friday january 28 and then select today’s webcast integrated clean strategies for sustainable communities this webcast is available for one and a half Sam credits we are also recording today’s webcast and it will be available along with a six slide per page PDF of

The presentation at wwu ta PA org slash webcast archive at this time I would like to introduce Jacqueline rouse who will introduce our speakers for today David Eggert and Brian Leavitt hello to everyone um today we have our two presenters for for a webinar and they are dave eggar and brian levitt

Dave um is a principal he’s actually the founding principle for townscape design which is a firm located in clarksville Maryland and their focus is town planning urban design and landscape architecture David saw founded this firm in 2005 five and has some because it’s the focus of the firm is on enhancing an

Owner’s land assets through the use of practical and sustainable design and implementation strategy the other the other presenter today is Brian Levitt who is a principal with prism incorporated this is a sustainability consulting firm which is based in Gaithersburg Maryland and mr. Levitz background is in Nam in the energy

Industry and has focused the focus with a focus on building energy efficiency strategic planning and program development he’s a certified energy manager has master’s degree in public policy and so with us said that’s brief biography that both of these firms have websites if you are wanted to learn more

About the principles and comp the operations of their firms and our first speaker today is mr. Levitt and I want Jackie thanks a lot hello everyone I’m Brian Levitt I’m going to be kicking this off and then handing over to the probably more capable hands of Dave agar

And we’ll be going back and forth throughout this presentation it’s a pretty big subject and we’re going to try to cover a lot of it probably not all of it we probably won’t cover everything we’re intending to but we’re going to do our best so let’s kick off

To the first slide here you know what going to talk about today we’re going to talk about talented energy planning so really we’re going to try to hit the nexus of urban planning and energy energy is something that can be thought of probably a lot of different contexts

A lot of those contacts do interact and intersect with what you folks are most interested in so there’s a list of a few things we’re going to talk about today but i think that the primary messages are going to be that there are a lot of ways that you as planners can

Specifically affect the energy consumption and the sustainability of your towns and we’re going to try to hit some of those ways today so moving on our outline is pretty simple first we’re going to talk about what are the challenges in this area what are the

Major things that we need to to face as we start and then we’re going to talk about strategies and with strategies we’re going to talk about the concepts of place pattern and then of power more than alliteration this actually does make sense as we move forward once we

Talk about those strategies will talk briefly about implementation how do you get these strategies working for you as soon as possible we’ve got a number of great resources that we probably won’t go through in detail but will be in the presentation for you to look at afterwards and then we’ll take some

Questions and answers so what is the energy environment in the community there’s different aspects of this as you can see these are this is kind of one way to break it down which is sort of what is your current energy use where is their energy use going are you growing

Your energy you’re shrinking the community resources and expertise what do you have in your community you can draw upon in order to manage your energy you’ve got your policy and regulatory framework these are viewed this is probably the most important part for this particular group which is these are

The kind of the rules of the road that that folks have to follow when any when any energy using activity happens and there’s a lot we can do there and then finally current energy programs there could be a lot of existing programs in place that you can leverage to move

Forward in terms of energy and sustainable bility next slide so challenges I’m going to pass it over to Dave ager here good afternoon everybody and I’m looking forward to this topic it’s a near and dear to my heart we’ve been working for years on integrating energy and town

Planning at our firm and this is a intro or an overview of some of the things that we’ve come across the challenges and some of the solutions so we start with the challenges first obviously energy affects every part of our our environment everything we do a big part

Of the puzzle is transportation and you’re going to see this slide up several times or some reference to this arrangement of uses several times in the presentation that it’s so critical it’s nearly seventy percent of energy that we use in this country is either on through the building systems or the

Transportation network that serves that building system so the organization of our places is absolutely critical to energy savings so it’s not only makes sense for livability and you know the way we should arrange towns cities and villages but it also has to do with the way we use energy and in a brief

Overview won’t spend much time on this because of the audience but a lot of the sprawling nature of what we’ve gone through over the last 60 years has really affected our energy production and the energy system actually is having some trouble keeping up with that Smalling arrangement so one of the

Things that we’re going to talk about when we certainly begin this is how do we bring that back in and under control so we can get the energy quantities in some rational order this graph is for residential sources only but you can see that over time electricity the red line

Is growing at a fairly geometric rate but what’s really important to note is because of the way we build our Sultan vironment the actual energy losses for electricity are growing at a faster rate and it’s in fact a two-to-one ratio and if you think about quads of BTUs every if you added up

Every energy event in the country we have about a hundred quads roughly just under a hundred quads of BTUs expended in a in this country in a year we waste or we lose ten quads in the electrical system the network of electrical de votre mission lines that we that we have

And it’s not only us this is a view of the dubai marina and what’s important to note is these are landmark buildings designed by you know named architects the problem with the bond is that the building construction and the and the urban form is completely contradictory to the environment it’s in so it’s

Actually using more energy than it would otherwise and it’s it’s they’ve actually lost touch with some of the traditional town building ideas and strategies for hot arid climate and we’re going to talk about that later on in the in the presentation and show you some examples that relate to the the environment so

I’m gonna turn it over at this point to bryan and want to talk about some terms yeah what’s in terms we wanted to get out of the way to get folks understanding you know so that some of the terms of methodology will use things like urban village and and some of those

Other sites use on the last slide in terms of these terms what is energy sustainability energy sustainability is really the ability to kind of meet our needs get get the energy we need without kind of the sort of continued sort of out of control global warming roller coaster therefore we’re currently on

Energy efficiency when I say energy efficiency energy efficiency is not putting on a sweater and turning down the thermostat that’s energy conservation energy efficiency is having that thermostat set at the exact same temperature when being able to achieve that temperature using less energy so energy efficiency is typically more in terms of mechanical

And management as it is in terms of behavior renewable energy this is not another surprise sunlight wins anything that’s not you know burning some sort of fuel or using something up energy audits when we talk about energy audits that is really just an evaluation of a building

Or a space as energy consumption scale there’s different scales utility community residential scales able to get into those net metering is an important thing that metering really matters in terms of getting distributed power back onto the grid and getting credit for it combined heat and power that’s using

Whenever we generate power we tend to generate heat at the same time usually because we generate power and many things through combustion that heat is often wasted and that’s part of the waste that they was talking about there are ways that we can particularly in distributed applications take advantage

Of that heat when I talk about distributed energy stream energy systems these are this is making the energy close to where you’re going to use it instead of having a power plant 20 miles out of town and having lines running energy into town what if you were making

The energy on top of or next to the building that’s going to use it and then strategic planning I just define this because it’s you know one of those walkie you know consultancy terms but we’re basically just talking about how are you going to go about pursuing your

Mission Dave so the the basic outline of the presentation we’re going to focus on three different scales and levels of detail and we’ve termed them place pattern and power but if you go to things like lead for neighborhood development you would hear term something like smart location and linkages neighborhood pattern and design

And sustainable infrastructure or green infrastructure and buildings so we’ve changed the last one power to slightly to sustain generation and efficient use because we both believe that the efficiency equation is critical so we’re going to start with place which is really the regional organization of our of our

Towns villages and cities and it’s absolutely critical from an energy standpoint because of what we talked earlier to get this right to start to get integrated walkable places that are of a typology that makes sense for the region and we won’t spend a lot of time

On this but once you get down and you break that down into the neighborhood the neighborhood pattern is absolutely critical as well because it’s the building block for the larger region and for the larger cities and we are going to later in the presentation talk about

This in more detail and then finally the third part of the presentation we’re going to talk about sustainable generation and actually integrating these renewable sources right into the urban fabric so first of all um we’re going to I’m going to walk you through a very brief methodology that we use that

Starts with just like any other project you know what are your existing conditions understanding the site and then working with nature are really understanding your climate you’re on your microclimate your macro climate all these things that affect the site that you’re working on and absolutely understanding how the human body relates

To that climate or the bioclimatic response the second step in the methodology is as Brian was just saying talking about efficiencies really it’s in distributive energy it’s all about getting the demand equation down as much as possible so regionally and the way the built environment goes if we can get

The pieces in the right place it really helps on the efficiency equation and so we want a minim it if we do it right we can minimize transportation losses we can minimize electrical transmission losses and all those things we talked about earlier now so we strategically locate obviously our places with our

Transit and those sorts of things then the third step is to minimize take that demand equation get all the options and reduce the demand whether it’s in the building construction and design or in the arrangement and compactness of a place the way the place relates to its

Environment using as many of the natural systems as possible and then optimizing those passive opportunities first because out if we’ve done this in the sequential manner we’re not on front loading the the system or the energy for a place with active or very expensive add-ons at the last minute if we’ve

Planned things into the system properly we can minimize the amount of active strategies that are necessary and then finally minimize the fossil fuels as a as an additive on top of that and finally performance of the places we want to monitor and manage all these distributive facilities the tools that

We’re going to use our natural solar radiation wind water vegetation and land and urban forms and very quickly I say that generically but there is an enormous amount of data that you may or may not be aware of online and is in the back of this presentation we have links

To all of the information you can delve into a tremendous amount of number-crunching this is for example is one image about the potential for wind power you can see the middle of the country obviously West Texas all the way up to the Dakotas is the greatest opportunity for wind here are some

Images about solar opportunities in the southwest of course on his is the big opportunity there as compared to the rest of the country relatively speaking but every place has opportunities for solar depending on how you approach it the numbers here are the quantifiable kilowatts kill kilowatt hours per square

Meter per day for a particular area based upon it particular way in which you receive the energy these numbers are for bald our Maryland a little closest place where we’re located but if you were to pick a number for like somewhere in Arizona New Mexico might be 10 or 14

Kilowatt hours per square meter per day so the potential is dramatically increased and then finally we want to just put this in the context of a town and really the systems of a town just like a car where they have electrical systems break fuel whatever towns have

Systems that can be broken down into but they have to work together holistically but they’re basically eight systems there’s the social the commerce mobility energy water food waste and the biology today we’re going to focus on one energy and we’re going to talk primarily about power because the topic is just too much

For an hour discussion but and so starting at place you take that system of energy we will break it down into a scale where we’re looking at a region or a town as a first example but we could be looking at neighborhood blocks and sites and detailed sites the process of

Power heating cooling demand reduction air moving we’re going to look at demand reduction we’re going to look at strategies in this first example of how to reduce vehicle miles and we’re going to use as a tactic or strategy on transit hubs this is an example in Alexandria Virginia along the orange

Line we’re on the local municipalities focused development along the transit route so that they maximized not only you know they double the amount of development that could occur in the area but they also maximize walkability to the transit maximize that tremendously reducing vehicle miles traveled in the area and protecting residential

Neighborhoods to the to either side of the corridor so just to quickly look at a list of opportunities under this particular strategy we have these growth centers in the suburban areas we have suburban growth centers or sub hubs community plans we’ll talk more about that we’ll talk more about the pattern of the

Green space networks and we also as Brian had mentioned combined heat and power cogeneration in these sites work more productively than others others well one of the thanks Dave one of the the most the most critical elements of place is how we get from place to place

And you know you remember from the slide again I’ll show that graph again that you know rough almost a third of the energy we’re using this from transportation and it as an even larger disproportionate impact on a lot of things like like asthma rates and you know ground-level ozone and the health

Of a neighborhood creating walkable communities is an amazing way to reduce vehicle miles traveled you can see that you know there’s three principles petroleum reduction reducing bmt increasing fuel efficiency and using alternative fuels next slide so better cars are great and we hear a lot about better cars and increased is miles per

Gallon and that is a very important element of transportation efficiency because we’re leaving a lot on the table the problem is is that you can’t a better cars alone won’t solve that problem because if you look at co2 which is the blue line in the middle here even

As we increase the miles per gallon of our of our fleet as we increase vehicle miles traveled which is another another trend co2 is going to go up so addressing MPG alone doesn’t cut the mustard so how do you do that well you know by encouraging different types of

Spaces if you look at the average suburban home the million you know 125 million BTUs per year in transportation use that’s your pretty significant if you take the average urban home that’s a fraction it’s 35 million btu so that is a pretty considerable difference when you look at you know green

Infrastructure it is less you know you know the urban green is still a lot less than the suburban green even though there’s a less of a difference here because you know you’re going with a more efficient approach next slide so just you know does this actually happen in you know in

Action yes if we look at San Francisco LA and Chicago which you know I appreciate our urbanized areas but you know it helps to kind of demonstrate the concept look at the you know different a difference in miles driven per household as we get into a higher density areas

Its considerable so you know a lot of folks in a lot of folks want these walkable communities there’s more benefit here than just saving energy you know the fastest growing households are young professionals are empty nesters they’re people who don’t necessarily need huge yards who don’t want a you

Know an acre of land they want to be able to walk to everything they want to go to and when they do that they saved a ton of energy which nice is that when we save energy we also help the economy we can reduce our dependence on foreign oil

We can reduce household expenses but you know this is particularly critical for for low income folks whose where transportation and heating their home is much much higher percentage of their annual of their monthly expenses than you know in any other economic group there we go okay so pattern okay very

Quickly we’re going to run through these slides but I want to just help people understand the importance of one of the bioclimatic response on the right-hand side is Baltimore Maryland left hand size Miami Florida the lines that are drawn are relative humidity and temperature variations per month within

Those two areas and the comfort zone that is illustrated in the yellow and red is those temperature and relative humidity limits that we feel comfortable in and you can see in Miami not surprisingly that it falls more much more within that range what else other

Things that are on the chart are how you respond to these variations outside the comfort zone and they include in Miami for example primarily natural ventilation is a passive strategy before you can start turning on the the furnace so to speak or the air conditioner that maximizing natural ventilation in the in

The form of the city is is is absolutely critical whereas in Baltimore and other temperate cool climates we are looking more at passive solar solutions because we’re trying to offset on heating degree days on you combine that with a lot of other data this is the solar roses for

Baltimore you can see that we get a lot of our wind in our particular area it’s not as strong as central us but our strength in the spring is from the northwest and then we get summer breezes generally from the southwest and this can be correlated into numbers to

Describe how places are so different from one another um we were just looking at a place like Annapolis Maryland for example where we have you know a temperate climate that has about 5,000 degree days of heating but we fall in the middle of the range we have places

Like Saratoga Springs New York and green bay wisconsin that have tremendous heating requirements and then you can see places like Phoenix Arizona El Paso Texas New Orleans that obviously have high cooling requirements so they you have to combine those with your strategies as well what’s interesting here is you know places like Flagstaff

Have just as much heating requirements Azure almost as like say green bay wisconsin so just because you’re in Arizona doesn’t mean you’re in the hot humid climate so you have to look at your micro climates so the next step that we’re going to talk about is pattern here and we’re talking

About walkable neighborhoods I’m not gonna spend a lot of time on this because of the audience but the maximizing that integration of use is looking at transit defining edges in gateways and then greenways around the edges we’ll talk more about that how it’s up it’s actually a good strategy

Just like in the transect of urban places we have a variation between the natural and the urban we also have the same kind of transect for renewable energy some applications are more appropriate on the urban edge or suburban areas that can feed the larger region or just that particular area and

Some are more particular and more appropriate for the urban areas and we’ll talk about that later on so here’s a simplified diagram of a town again that arm one mile square as a theoretical town with a downtown major crossroads and four intertwined neighborhoods that have walkability to

That that center town what we’re showing here is potential buffer and some agricultural land outside of it the agricultural land here in Maryland specifically we have the ability to provide renewable energy either in form of wind or solar on five percent of farmland so this overall regionals or

Town-wide strategy is actually to start to look at those edge areas between the built you know along the urban growth boundary basically that are appropriate for distributive energy roughly in the one half to one point five megawatt of electric potential so those seem to be and those can be distributed throughout

Town they’re not that big and are not that owners so they can be on plot and each each farmer can benefit from the lease agreements and from the renewable energy credits associated with those facilities as well I’m going to turn it over to Brian at this point talk about energy efficiency

Energy efficiency which is the love of my life this is this is a critical step you will you will have seen lots we’re going to talk about renewable energy and distributive power and things like that but an important message I want to get across here is that if you do any of

That before you have done your your good energy efficiency work you’re wasting money because is we’re going to kind of demonstrate later renewable energy is a fantastic way to clean up our energy supply but the first thing we need to do is sort of do the building and community

Equivalent of reducing vehicle miles traveled so this is a critical first step the nice thing about this is that it’s not it’s not super complex or difficult to do I mean it takes time it takes effort but it’s it’s it’s a known quantity you’re typically dealing with off-the-shelf technologies with proven

Stuff this is very low risk once you do some energy audits of facilities or you’re looking at a new facility doing the calculations to figure out how much energy is this going to save and how much extra is this going to cost there’s very clear numbers and very easy way to

Get a high level of confidence here and this is also if you have carbon reduction goals energy efficiency is going to be the lowest cost way to achieve those what we’ll call nega wats go ahead so here’s a sort of a graph that proves the point this was done by

McKinsey of the Department of Energy and it’s an interesting graph as you’ll see what this is saying is that as we go from left to right this you’re seeing basically the magnitude of impact on reducing a one ton of co2 so over on the left side here these actually have

Negative cost numbers the reason there’s negative cost numbers to doing this is because it is cost efficient to do things like residential building lighting improvements so residential building lighting improvement isn’t just going to be a low-cost way to reduce carbon emissions it’s going to pay you back it

Pays to do this once we get towards the middle here are that you know it like residential building shell retrofits that’s something that’s a good idea that will reduce carbon but it’s going to cost you a little bit and if you go way to the right and you look at changing

Our entire car network over to hybrid vehicles again you get some benefits but there is an additional cost that doesn’t get paid back cost-effectively in terms of the market so different building types have different energy drivers so we need to think particularly for developing strategies to address energy efficiency in residential homes versus

Commercial buildings there’s different drivers here so in commercial buildings you really need to think about lighting and there’s a bunch of bad lighting out there you need to think about hvac a lot you know and that there are some things like like cooking and refrigeration that

You know may be important but not very important in this environment in a residential home heating is your number one thing but so is water heating which is which is a big deal so think about that moving on now we often think that as Americans there is sort of well

There’s the american way there’s we you Americans use this much energy but Americans don’t use a certain amount of energy the amount of energy used per capita differs why uh go pretty wildly per state if you look at my my home state of New York here the average New

York resident is using a lot less energy per capita than say someone in Tennessee and although Tennessee is getting a lot better you know this is just lots of drivers behind this I would say the major drivers behind this are urbanization but then also research development investment in energy

Efficiency projects we here in New York we have the new york state energy energy research development folks called nyserda and they do a lot of great programs that help drive down energy energy usage so what drives energy efficiency how can we make this work well urban design is kind of your number

One culprit here if we have bad place and bad pattern then we are going to have high energy costs to so much of those energy costs are about the way buildings interact with each other the way people engage with their environment and get from place to place that’s number two

Lifestyles the way we use our spaces so you know if we are you can have two buildings built exactly the same in the exact same place and if they’re managed by different people in different ways they’re not going to perform the same there really is even though my

Technology there’s a human element there so building technologies areas of focus what are we looking at here you got to consider HVAC build a heating ventilation cooling building envelope lighting plug load energy management and water so how can a planner you know help drive this stuff well energy performance

Building codes for new building construction for renovation lead has some great stuff on this I mean zoning focus on multi-use walkable communities I think is a great focus and that sort of lead neighborhood design has great information there some of some of the information for this presentation came

From Smart Growth America which is a non-profit that has excellent information about make creating walkable communities requirements for energy performance can go back to side real quick requirements for energy performance and then density bonuses for developers that go beyond those requirements how complainers drive energy efficiency again develop a

Strategic energy plan we’re going to talk about this in a little bit or incorporate that energy plan into your comprehensive plan it needs to be collaborative you have to think about the multiple uses of energy the multiple types of power you’re going to be generating and I think the most critical

Thing here is that that we engage the business and residential communities as partners because so much of energy consumption is about the decisions that can’t be written into zoning laws that can’t be put into regulations if the businesses are not on board we’re not going to see the community efficiency

That we want okay Dave alrighty so what what I’m going to do now is take you through some examples of urban forms that use passive strategies to save not only save energy but to actually take advantage of the climatic attributes of the site that they’re located in yeah

And i should say as day goes into this section that there are a lot of different ways to achieve energy efficiency and a lot of them are our technical in nature we can replace the lighting with better lighting or or tweak the setbacks on the hvac but as we

Think about planning a neighborhood passive strategies are a fantastic tool that you folks specifically can think about it as an area of play so this this graph this graphic illustrates multiple strategies on a single sheet one of the things is basically street orientation on east-west streets provide the

Opportunity for wider sidewalks on the north side this is where the activity center should be this is your commercial street these are the opportunities for solar gain and then actually relating the height of the buildings not only to the transect but to the solar transect so that the taller buildings are on the

North side the smaller buildings are in the south side allowing for full openings to this to the sky number 3 pixelating the urban urban form with greenways green spaces this will cool heated urban spaces break down the heat island effect and and the finally four and five the graph shows how on

Temperature variations occur in on different urban street and Plaza types so the width height and shading devices you use in these urban spaces urban corridors and put in green spaces affects the temperature and affects the heat island effect on integrating land uses obviously we talked about that already this is Charleston Charleston

South Carolina each of these slides we’re going to go through has all of the climatic data on them as well and you can review that in the PDF on using the form of the environment around you to protect and to minimize us things like winter winds so here in Camden

Maine for example it so now it’s a Cove development that allows for on protection from those winds with a lot of solar southern exposures and streets that run up and down the size of the hills to promote some breezes and those sorts of things in the in the summer

Annapolis which is the home of the naval academy and and the state capital or Maryland has takes that to to the extreme where we have you the open floor plan uses Street avenues that actually pull in daytime breezes and then expel them at night so that if you if you look

At this overall plan these streets actually act as conduits for convective heating heating and cooling another passive strategy of wind protection here is Nassau Street in Princeton New Jersey again with that broad southern exposure you can see the north side of the street is where all the activities here’s

Princeton University nassos three and this is the commercial street that ties it all together the building form actually protects that Street and then the relationship to the southern sky promotes a longevity of use along that Street into the spring and the and the fall and then finally on the whole

Concept of integrating the urban context with greenways Green Streets and large urban shaded facilities especially in the southern or more humid areas of the country will promote cooling and convective air flow and if you go back and remember that a a picture of Dubai that we showed earlier in the presentation

It’s in the same general climatic region as may oz in Spain but you can see the way the urban form is developed here it’s completely on you know at peace with the climate it uses multiple strategies narrow streets for cooling trellises on exterior shading devices opportunities to catch those breezes off

The Mediterranean Sea in integration of green space and all sorts of passive strategies that are taken into account in the urban form in the built environment before you actually start to integrate some of the some of the active active facilities and every part of the building itself is should function and

Relate to the climate as well and here’s three examples from different climatic zones one of the things that’s interesting is it took us a long time to get to the point we were actually building passively but we were building in a very inefficient way this building

To the right is actually a passive house that only uses about ten percent of the energy of the house across the street it looks identical but what they use is the cips construction method with a super insulated perimeter and arm and I’m basically a war room of high technology

To really have a high efficiency on infrastructure in the building there are some you know because it’s a generic house design is not totally related to the environment but more to the context of the homes around it it does use some shading devices on the western side of

The building but it spits in on it it’s on a 150 wide x 100 foot deep lot and it’s completely in context with its with the the neighborhood here’s another example very quickly on this is nexus homes they are basically a NetZero home you we can find multiple examples across

Country but they use a combination of a sips construction with geothermal and solar so at that point I’m going to switch it over to Brian we’re going to talk about the detailed integration of a distributive power in the urban context thanks Dave and I saw a note about speaking to quickly I apologize

About that we don’t want to end up done but yes this presentation will be available to everyone so in terms of the the power that we utilize in this country this is sort of a a cool although understandably complex graphics that sort of represents that there are a

Couple important points that that we should make one is something that they’ve alluded to before which is notice the gray area over here that’s energy waste that is energy that we do not use if you see that that is essentially 26 point 10 quads and the usable energy coming out of electric

Electricity generation is about 12.08 so we are wasting more than twice the amount of energy that we’re actually getting to use out of our electricity generation and a lot of that as we said comes from inefficient in efficient combustion processes and transportation every mile of a power line we put it not

Only cost us a million dollars but also cost us much more than that over the life of the power line because of the losses of the system just now also notice how small of a portion we’re actually using renewable energy here related to every other type of

Electricity and energy so what are we using so we’ve got about seventy eight percent of fossil fuels right now we can call it about nineteen percent renewables as you’ll see a lot of that traditional biomass and by traditional biomass we’re talking about burning things in a way that you know maybe a

Little bit better than then you’re burning coal but probably isn’t too much better than natural gas but it but wind solar you know new biomass all these kind of things they’re very very very small portion of what we’re talking about but it is increasing and as you can see

That we’re getting it’s not a linear increase we’re actually accelerating you know we we get some some hits now and then that that slowed us down and and renewable energy is not really increasing as a portion of the United States electricity consumption because well you do see an increased number of

Renewable megawatts here understand that our total energy consumption as a country is accelerating so if renewables are making ground it’s very slowly and it’s slower than this particular graph would have you believe so let’s talk about some specific technologies that you folks might be interested in it could affect your communities wind power

Great option mid west southwest it’s best for municipal power applications we don’t currently have wind power technologies that are fantastic for people’s backyards it’s not a practical but for municipality it’s fantastic this is an intermittent and power supplies it does not the wind does not blow all time

But a power grid can actually accept quite a bit of this kind of intermittent power supply and still be very stable so you know nrel puts the the conservative estimate of twenty percent but places like Texas New Mexico have proved that it’s probably a lot higher than that

What are some concerns well early on in the in wind we had you know a bunch of birds what they call bird strikes which is which we called bird kills but that’s because they put the the wind turbines in the wrong places so this is a pretty avoidable and there’s technology to make

The birds avoid it but people still can get upset some people don’t like the look of wind turbines I think it’s too noisy so that’s something to be evaluated but the great thing is this can be co-located with other things you don’t need dedicated land for this you

Can put it on a farm it takes up a very small footprint leaving a lot of usable land ranching is another great term application Oh what have we got you saw this slide before but this shows you where our best wind resources are right down the center

Of the country you know if you had a map that showed you all different renewable energy potential you know everything from wind to solar biomass even like offshore winds or tidal power you’d see that pretty much every part of the country can be served by some clean

Technology but this is the wind one so where where is it where is it being made well it doesn’t exactly line up you’ll see it sort of does you’ve got a nice streak of green down the center Texas’s it’s very aggressive with wind we also

Notice a lot going on on the west coast and some going on in northeast because while as a state New York doesn’t have amazing when resources in certain locations New York does have really good wind resources so we definitely have some pretty impressive capacity to be

Tapping here slide so where are we going when installation is is going up this is a graph similar to the other graph you saw but when we talk specifically about wind it’s impressive and it’s going to continue to be part of the the reason why we’ve been able to really accelerate

Wind in this country as a resources because of an increased acceptance better public policies or around wind but also there’s a technical reason if you go to the next slide you see that we’re able to we’ve been able to practically implement much larger wind turbines now every time you increase a

Wind turbines sighs you actually you know if you double the size of a wind turbine you actually square the power output so it’s it’s pretty impressive in terms of if you can scale up wind turbines you can get a lot more energy out of them the limiting factor is you

Got to be able to put pieces of the wind turbine on a truck so we’re pretty close to max it out in terms of size but that we’re putting on land right now we can put much bigger ones offshore we can put a better technologies and ones we

Have so Dave why don’t you talk about some some wind examples here this is an example from Texas and one of the interesting things is as you saw on the graph is the credible potential and the the case study example here shows how the wind turbines are co-located with

Agriculture this site Wolf Ridge is about 45 miles north I believe it’s northwest of denton texas and then text is important because it receives forty percent of its energy so the administrative for the entire municipality from that wind resource but it’s not actually located directly five

Miles away so it’s it’s what they do is they use a purchase power agreement of PPA to guarantee fixed pricing on that wind resource and they get um you know a guaranteed amount of that energy the provider of the of the energy gets the renewable energy credits and gets the

Gets the income from that depreciation of the risk of the resource and those sorts of things the farmer gets a lease agreement they basically they call it male money you know they get a check every month in the mail because they’re leasing their ground to the power

Provider um at the other end of the scale in the urban context this is an example from logan airport in boston where um you know AeroVironment IE is actually come up with a strategy to put place wind turbines in a much smaller capacity taking advantage of the chimney

Effect along urban building so this is something you’re going to see in the near future and it’s uh well this is the only example that I that I was aware of it this time but it’s a it’s a new new technology and very interesting way to

Add to the urban form yeah and we’re doing it in a lot of different ways in terms of incorporating new kinds of wind we’ve vertical turbines there’s building integrated when there’s a lot of different things but in terms of off-the-shelf pretty much proven technologies you can count on you’re

Looking at wind turbines but if you’re if you’re willing to go cutting-edge there’s a lot there solar power is something that I think we’ve probably been very familiar with for a long time it’s a great option in the south southwest and the West this is the great thing about solar powers it’s very

Scalable and you can you can put it into any type of area of the transect whether you’re all the way out in the rural community and you’re going to put a huge solar farm or if you’re right in the dense urban core and you’re going to be doing sort of building integrated solar

This provides peak energy in the middle of the day you’ve got sort of two high peaks sort of very beginning of the day and sort of the end of the day as people are getting home but commercial office buildings are still operation so those are two highest peaks but there is

Definitely an upper trough in the middle of the day when businesses are an operation industrial manufacturing is going on pretty much all the time so so solar is providing power at the right time this is going to be significantly more valuable if you have net metering we defined net metering before but just

As a reminder you want to be able to if you have a solar system particularly in a residential context when you’re away at work during the day and your house is empty and not really using that much energy that’s when you’re producing all your power so residential solar works

Best if there’s net metering and you can sell that power you’re making during the day back to the utility and get credit for that all right moving on you saw this for but this just shows you for different types of technology what the solar resource we have in terms of

Radiation much like the wind slide you’re going to see of a pretty significant increase recently in solar energy named Kate plate capacity installed that’s continuing we need to have you know we sort of needed a critical mass in order for folks to start accepting that solar was not an innovative cutesy technology but

Something that could really happen that critical mass has to be coupled with the price point and once that price point hits it hits the point where with with with minimal incentives or even no incentives solar power can start to be cost-effective for folks we’re going to see a huge landslide of solar insulation

And as you can see from the slide we’re almost there that this is a technology that has been invested a lot in by the United States government by private companies but the problem is is that the question is are we going to be the people who build this and if you look at

Solar manufacturing around the company the world right now we are not necessarily in the lead and are not anticipated to join the lead anytime soon so as solar panels and solar applications become more more cost effective and we start seeing this as sort of a new energy revolution certain

Countries are going to benefit from that energy revolution tremendously we aren’t necessarily one of them okay I’m going to walk you through some case study examples with integrated pv this is going back to that early diagram of the corridor this is by designed by Dover

And Cole and we will provide to us by urban advantage but basically a commercial strip redevelopment or corridor redevelopment has a tremendous opportunity for the rooftops are absolutely untouched resource and Dover Cole’s took the you know view that look this is something that we can really look at and and

Improv and people can profit from the the challenge up to this point has been the infrastructure to support the facilities and the efficiency that has just recently changed and been improved so we’re going to show you on another example here well it’s a lot of order but this is an example in Rockville

Maryland fixed plate solar collecting collection that is getting a capacity or generating enough energy that it’s it’s competing with dual axis trackers on and so it’s it’s a very high efficiency system it’s on the roof of a roller rink it’s been in installed for about a half

A year now they estimate that it’s going to generate about 865 megawatt hours per in you know annual and they are pretty much on track they you can view that information online the a lot of this can be viewed with mobile apps or on your computer you can actually watch the

Performance of these different facilities right down to the individual panel depending on how the inverters are set up and how the system set up but this is a tremendous opportunity in these redevelopment corridors another option on smaller buildings or in historic districts is to utilize dual axis trackers this is a company which

Filled out of Australia but what they’ve done is they’ve figured out how to combine a low weight infrastructure dual axis trackers Fornell lenses and the new multi-junction cells what currently is the state of the art is an efficiency of this is this particular graph shows different types of solar photovoltaic

Technologies over time and their efficiencies and a lot of the stuff that’s coming to market is down in this twelve to sixteen percent range and it’s based upon a particular thin film technology what arm Whitfield and others are looking at is actually using multi-junction cells which have a tremendously higher

Efficiency and are able to handle a much higher level of thermal heat from the Sun so you can actually use concentrators and a lot of the installations are occurring in the southwest use these multi-junction cells but they which you can use a very small surface area because they can collect

Much more heat and electrical energy so a situation I you know redevelopment you know generically could look something like this let’s say it’s it we want to integrate it with a series of smaller scale buildings rather than the large buildings in the previous example those dual axis trackers provide the

Opportunity to integrate this energy production option in a very small compact form that doesn’t affect the form of the built environment because it’s dual axis tracker we don’t have to worry about the orientation of the building the dual duality of the tracking allows the building and the and

The technology to fit the way it wants to fit on the site and then we program where the Sun is and it will track it so we don’t have to have the building with a tilted roof that’s at the latitude and then it has to be facing south minus 5

Degrees or any of that stuff we don’t have to deal with that anymore so this is a technology that is going to give this tremendous opportunity for integration of this of renewables into historic districts and smaller scale of building forms talking about a solar at the commercial scale here in Maryland we

Have two projects coming online right now they’re under construction one is the Correctional Institute outside of Hagerstown Maryland and the other is saint mary’s college and university in Emmitsburg Maryland these two projects alone are going to double the amount of megawatts that are being produced by solar PV in this state

And in in overnight basically and these facilities are are generating about one half to three quarters of a megawatt per acre so this is a 20 megawatt solar farm and i believe it’s about 30 acres of area here’s an example from oregon again they don’t have the same solar potential

That we have in order to come close to places like Arizona and New Mexico but this is a facility that’s just come online their annual estimated production is about 600 megawatt hours armed utilizing about a two acre site so you can see that comparing this to the Rockville Maryland example the rooftop

Example climate climate and you know cloud cover and all these sorts of things play a critical role in the design and efficiency of the system our company has worked on a small much smaller redevelopment project this is in Middletown Maryland and it’s a rooftop fixed plate collection system using

Sanyo 220 panels each with its own end phase inverter inverters these these small it’s it’s on top of a standing seam roof so it’s all clip-on construction these boxes right here are the inverters so each panel has its own inverter that would an inverter changes

The DC power that’s in the panel to AC so this is a more efficient way to do it and this is a picture of the next phase we’re looking at a redevelopment of the building in the front of the site but what what I wanted to bring everybody’s

Attention is that you can view other performance and you can maintain your system online or using your iPhone or whatever this is a printout or a screenshot of that array that we just looked at and you can see down in the corner here the effect of a nearby tree on the adjoining property

We can cut down but you can see the performance the the actual amount of power is being produced is dramatically reduced because of shading so critical that you have open their open views to the sky for these facilities here are some performance data on over this has

Been installed for about a year this is generating total about 61 megawatt hours so this is an absolutely wonderful scale for say a block this to put this number in perspective 61 megawatts ours is about what a typical maybe four to five typical homes with you de la utilize in

A year or if they were Energy Star homes maybe seven to eight homes or if they were the passive homes like we showed in some of the previous slides they we might get as many as 20 homes average homes these were average numbers arm you generate enough power for them so you

Could actually have small LLC’s would purchase power agreements that could actually take benefit from from these sort of scaled facilities or it can be a commercial user like it is in this example the other thing that’s important to note is because it’s fixed on the

Roof it’s fixed at the pitch of the roof and it’s not necessarily arm tracted well obviously it doesn’t try for some but it’s not necessarily at the optimum pitch so you can see the performance at certain times of the year are much better than other times of the year

Somewhat due to climate or availability son but also due to the different the difference between the aptitude aptitude of the Sun and the elevation inclination of the son of different times of the year so you get a lot of a loss in here it’s about twice as much differential

There some things to look out into the future from an energy security standpoint we’re working with a group called derp technologies this is in design but start to think about some of those solar farm it’s around the perimeter of the site some of them 10 one or two of them

Maybe actually be set up to provide power when the grid is down or during this some sort of emergency so there you are looking at renewable energy as a backup to the grid as well as providing power when that need is not in on in there there is a combination of of

Vertical axis wind turbines tracking solar panels and fuel cells now I’m going to turn it over to Brian talk about biomass yeah well it’s just pull brunch or biomass really quickly because we’re running short on time biomass is great it makes a Grigori byproducts useful again the great thing about

Biomasses as far as renewables goes is that it actually provides base load power you can run your biomass whenever you need it it is you know the current current bio fuel combustion of plants you know traditional biomass plant this is not cutting edge science this is very well understood its conventional

Technology it can also be pretty easily scaled this is not a nuclear plant so you can have a small municipal scale a biomass facility or something that is much larger cellulosic ethanol which is kind of a sort of related to biomass is something that is going to be a flexible

Clean transportation fuel as soon as it’s here in cost effective form so I’ll talk about that briefly so you know and I put this up this is very simple I mean this is that this is that the biomass concepts you know we’re going to use electricity we produce a bunch of co2

But if we’re growing trees at the same time the trees take the co2 at the environment we cut them down we burn them again we’re all done and that the circle of life continues biomass gasification this is just to give you an idea of how this actually works but as

You can see it’s very similar to a coal fire power plant or a natural gas power power plant where we’re we’re gasifying something we’re burning it can we go back for a second we’re burning it and that is creating energy but what’s important here is it there’s a lot of

Things that we can use for biomass gasification it’s not just whoa and it’s not just crop shavings but you can use some other elements to biomass resource in United States again the great thing about biomass is that you can if you can if you need the energy

Close to where the biomass is being produced you’re coming down on transportation of fuel you’re cutting down the transportation of waste and all these kinds of things and while you do see some of these areas in blue and red and going down yellow and some say less

Than 50 depending on the scale and depending on what’s near you biomass can work anywhere in the United States it just depends if you have that resource close by ethanol I mean this is just getting biomass into our car tank you hear a lot about us and all every time

There’s a presidential election because everyone has to go to Iowa and say that they support ethanol because the Corn Growers want to know that they support ethanol because there’s major farm subsidies because right now Korn is just the cheapest way to make ethanol the future is cellulosic ethanol cellulosic

Ethanol we don’t just have to make some corner sure can we can make it from a lot of things that we throw away currently we’re just little too high up on the cost scale right now but that is something that is coming down so as you

Can see if you’ve got sugar cane or corn it’s a fairly simple process you ferment it you distill it dry it out and you got ethanol with cellulosic there is a little bit of that there’s additional steps that’s currently what is adding the cost but cellulosic ethanol is going

To be you know more versatile and we’re going to be able to use a lot more different feedstocks I talked about about that we the cost going down as you can see it’s coming down fast where we were in 2001 to where we are now is pretty considerable national renewable

Energy laboratory is very serious about bringing this cost down and once we can get it down we’re thinking maybe in the twenty20 range all of a sudden it’s making a lot of sense as a major fuel source you know this can be utilized yo Vancouver’s Vancouver’s UBC campus has

You know one of these that they’re they’re utilizing in terms of biomass gasification it’s great clean on-site power it’s pretty efficient and particularly if you’re if you’ve got the biomass resource on site you don’t have to truck things around this is a fantastic way to make on-site Street of

Power residential CHP debut I think to add to this no I just wanted it’s the same it’s the same thing so some things the technology that folks want to be keeping an eye on this is this is being installed now in Japan where energy costs are much higher and it’s the same

Kind of cost curve um it’s not ready for prime time here in the US but maybe you know five to ten years down the road or or sooner depending on how things happen you’re going to you’re going to start to see this but what’s important to note is

You think about um combined heat and power you think of about a power plant or distribution plant that’s a much larger scale this particular company a bear a Ballard partnership is actually producing this at the residential scale so that’s why we have it in here now the

Files the final slide is how do you put all this together you should take that theoretical town that we were talking about and you start to just throw some you know reasonable numbers on it you might be looking at ninety thousand megawatt hours of power that’s demanded

From there that would be you know 4,000 homes you know million square feet of commercial office a small amount of industrial the and then the infrastructure associated with the rest of that community well how in the world would you would you provide that supply well here’s here’s uh here’s a way to do

That and again you can see the list is long because it’s no silver bullet solution you know you can get a tremendous amount of savings just from passive design efficiencies like we talked about the solar farm that’s around the perimeter can provide fifteen thousand megawatt hours at the current

Technology on start to look at some of the mercial roofs you could get a tremendous benefit from them we’re looking around 7,000 year then you’ve got all sorts of smaller scale commercial arrays like the one we showed earlier on top of the warehouse building of about you know 60

Megawatt hours or 60 yup megawatts say 20 of those throughout the town then there’s a whole concept of micro grids on the block scale taking the exterior lighting in the lighting infrastructure in town off grid and providing with renewable solar solar fuel cell combos the introduction of more efficient homes

Some nets you know some proportion of the community might be net zero ohms some proportion might be passive home’s energy star doesn’t have to be everybody but start to get some efficiencies there and then start to look at some of the more futuristic or ideas the residential fuel cells on smaller scale residential

Arrays and combined heat and power plants at the community scale and you can start to see how you can put a package together that can provide energy production to a community at a certain scale with a certain level of constraints and parameters that matches the demand side so that’s how we wanted

To leave it on on the design issues and then Brian’s going to talk briefly about energy planning and how planners can introduce these concepts and mainstream and I’ll just quickly address the question was asked online about what a CHP CHP is combined heat and power which

We went into earlier i’m just going to fly through this because this is soft science here and you can read these slides later but I the important element here is is that there’s a lot of complex stuff that was discussed particularly on that last slide in terms of of technologies opportunities you’re not

Going to be able to pursue them all you’re not gonna be able to pursue many right away this requires a long-term community planning effort luckily most people on this call have planner in their job title so developing a strategic plan are making a strategic plan part of you

Comprehensive plan is critical this is your catalyst for making decisions it has to be a single place where your high level that gives care yo and accounting executives can basically bless yes we’re going to go down this road and it’s a road map it helps other elements Saudis

Management you know other elements of your community understand what’s going on and how they can play there’s a pretty simple planning cycle that I won’t go into I’ll just ask you folks to look back at this later but but understand that you know it’s a step-by-step process you also need to

Think about your scope in your plan you will have obviously things that address the entire community but if you have a when you look in your government scope there is a lot you can do to address technology efficiency placemaking within just your your your community government locations that you know the spaces that

You are occupying so there’s a broader scope to be addressed but you know you can do a lot more within just the county government this is a slide visited too complex to describe but it’s talk about turning data into action and then did a lot of the suggestions we’ve made here a

Lot of them have to do with you know making decisions about what’s the best approach for your community and the question there is going to require some data so to understand building energy efficiency you need to have you know energy performance benchmarking you need to complete building energy audits you

Need to look at your best practices the resources you have the technologies you have and then figure out where are my opportunities and where my best practices and align the two we can skip this is just about engaging stakeholders once you once you get to the point you’re engaging stakeholders in your

Community that’s a great slide to refer to to give you some ideas of who you should be talking and at that point that’s that’s the end of the presentation the last thing I wanted to just bring to your attention is that locally here we have that actually promote renewable energy

Where white flint the CR zone they’re actually redeveloping the corridor and their developers can buy densities essentially by providing two and a half percent of their energy portfolio for a building or for a project with renewables so that’s in the resources and in the back I’m going to flip

Through these quickly just realize that they’re active links in these resources for everyone who downloads the PDF and um you’ve got everything from organizations to suppliers and other folks that you saw in this presentation and and once you download you can actually go to those websites and see

That information and we thank for your patience we kind of went over over the time a little bit but at this point on the turnover Jackie and open it up for questions and answers hi first I want to thank both um Dave and Brian for their excellent presentation I think it’s a

Complicated and innovative new way of looking at things and um certainly it requires a lot of expertise to UM to understand all of it but I think it’s good to have an overview that gives us so much information and so many sources for that information we actually don’t

Have a lot of questions but um so the first question we have someone has asked us if is it have you seen an example where a roof garden is balanced with roof solar panels whereas the plants are underneath the elevated solar algal aid angled solar panels I’ll deal to have

Those where solar panels provide energy while roof plants create capture stormwater so i guess they want to know if you if you’ve seen an example of that I’ll take that I i if it’s a fixed plate panel system it’s there’s a little bit of a problem because you’ve got too much

Shading for the plans below but when you’ve got some dual axis making devices or devices that have a smaller surface area and have areas you know they’re constantly moving then there is the potential for some of that to occur so I don’t have a particular

Example arm that I can point to but that is a good concept and a good consideration will keep an eye out for okay um you’ve discussed alternative energy supply strategies how about of the issue of reducing demand and curving energy use for example providing a sliding scale pricing to courage less

Juice yeah there are there are a ton of a ton of ways to reduce energy demand and we try to get a little bit into sort of the technical elements into it but there is definitely a personal level to it whether you are creating economic incentives through the utility to reduce

Demand or whether you’re there are some companies out there and folks have tried doing this that specialize in providing people with information that helps them make better decisions so for example one company Oh power provides a software that utilities use to tell the tell residents in the community how energy of

How their home is performing on terms of energy consumption basis and how all of homes around them and in their neighborhood are performing and there it kind of creates a sort of an incentive to not be on the lower end because you say oh my gosh we’re the most

Inefficient home we need to think about what we’re doing here so there are lots of ways you can affect behavior and and management to reduce energy consumption for sure okay um next I have can you describe your experience and the receptiveness of local energy providers like DTE and Michigan to adopt renewable

Energy sources well some of them have been want to hear your responses to date but it’s a very mixed bag you have some folks xcel energy in Texas is a great example who have been extremely friendly to renewable energy and want to increase the renewable energy in their portfolio

In some other places that really hasn’t been the case the utilities basically don’t want to deal with its technical complexity of integrating renewable energy into their grids so they kind of Stonewall the major driver here is going to be whether a state has a renewable portfolio standard there is a policy

That a lot of many many states have implemented called renewable portfolio standard that requires utilities to provide at least a certain percentage of their energy to the grid from renewable sources and where those policies have been put into place utilities have basically been forced to abandon their

Stone wall and you know get get their act together and to add on to that Brian here in Maryland we have a portfolio standard where by 2022 we need to have twenty percent of our energy consumed here in the state to come from renewables and there’s a specific cutout

In the legislation for five percent for solar so there’s a tremendous incentive here in Maryland for power providers to find solar sources so that the only difference is we’re a net importer of energy unlike places like Texas where I think they probably are on their own grid but they probably export as much

Energy as as they consume but we’re an import we import about thirty percent of our energy and there’s not a diss qualifier we can import those renewables from Ohio or wherever and still meet that standard but that portfolio standard has started to generate some activity here in the state the two solar

Farms that I talked about one of the prison and the other at st. Mary’s College those are our direct results of of that portfolio standard so we’re starting to see larger projects I guess is a way to look at it in the Renewable sector because of that standard okay um

My next question here do you know what states in particular or embracing clean it ugh particularly through state legislation well it’s probably better the easier thing for you to do would be to you know probably google renewable portfolio standard and and hit the hit the image button and you’ll probably get

A national map of renewable portfolio standards United States it’s something we could have put into this presentation but didn’t you know short answer is is the people you’d think it’s you know it’s New York California it’s Minnesota you know states states like that but there’s a lot going on it’s not just a

Few you know big States doing this there’s a lot of states with with any and each with a different approach there has not been a one-size-fits-all policy solution here so it’ll be very interesting in the next ten years to see how these different mandates some of which have already been updated and

Ratcheted up from their initial targets how the different approaches play out in the states and just to add to that we had a slide we had two in the interest of time we took it out but it would have been great to keep it in the two big

Producers Texas and California have very different approaches Texas is is almost entirely wind in their portfolio where California has a tremendous variety of different sources to meet their portfolio standards and then the drivers like brian was saying you know he was talking more about the blue states but

The red states like texas are doing is well because it’s profitable so there’s the different people are coming to renewable energy as a source for different reason so it’s not something that’s blue or red it’s really in the right the right solution in the right environment can be appropriate for you

Know you know all walks of life and all perspectives so it’s just a matter of matching your site to to the opportunities that that the renewables offer you okay um here’s a question that I think all of us can relate to because recycling is so popular now I didn’t see

In the presentation that recycling efforts contribute to reducing energy demand is recycling resulting in an appreciable reduction in energy consumption on an industrial level yes it is the reason why well there’s lots of things we didn’t address but the main reason we didn’t address this is because we weren’t really focusing on the

Industrial sector here we’re really more buildings of transportation but yes on the industrial side both from a materials cost perspective and from a refinement energy refinement cost perspective recycling is having a very noticeable impact and bright not like to add to that um there was an example from

Massachusetts I believe and there are some technology that the Ballard folks are working on with some other companies of actually bringing the waste of power scale down to the neighborhood scale and there is a few places where recycling is actually providing power and it’s more

Of in the the beta phase of right now but you’re going to start to see the scale of these things come down as fuel cells and other things become more cost competitive but right now like brian was saying it’s more on the industrial scale but i think as you look five ten years

Down the future you’re going to see these sorts of recycling opportunities introduced at the neighborhood scale um okay have you seen examples of solar panels used to cover parking areas can this help offset potential electric vehicle demands debut probably see mr. seen some specific examples there yay

Another another edit from RF princess we uh there are several examples where folks are integrating solar panels on parking decks for shading on any South face parking lot has an opportunity for these structures there was a time when the structure itself to hold the panel’s was

Kind of you know holding things back but with panel design and the cost coming down on the weight requirements are lower so that you start to see more and more of these but again it’s just like anything else on these facilities work best on broad open parking lots or a

Little more challenging and in a tight urban context because they’re down more or less at street level but the ones that are on top of the parking garage is arbic are coming into vogue and white flint Flint example I think we’re going to start to see some of those in white

Flint here in Maryland in a very high high density environment so yeah there are several out there and there are a couple of the suppliers on the resource pages that we gave you that you can click on and learn more and the real benefit here is identifying that

Multi-use being able finding areas where we’ve already got infrastructure build up that where we can marry these renewable solutions to the existing infrastructure and in the case that you’re referring to here with a with up with it’s sort of a a parking shading structure you’re getting kind of a

Two-for-one with the structure in terms of connecting it to electric cars yes I mean the lack of solar energy and parking lots is not holding back the electric car industry but yeah that’s a great example of synthesis of to clean energy technologies together and and

Just to add to that the you know us generally speaking a charge you know a plug in charge location is typically taught just tied to the grid so you’re really you know either having natural gas or coal as the original source of the energy so if you want to be pure

About it and you want to be appropriate solar energy power charging stations are the way to go because you are kidding the energy from a clean source we had one example linganore wineries here in maryland just installed a solar charging station at the winery so you go

To visit the winery you can plug in and you get the recharge and head back to home so there’s there’s an example of that and I think you’ll start to see more of that especially again with the opportunities for fuel cells mainstreaming into the into the into the

System here because you have to store the energy if you want to be off grid okay do we have time for one more question oh sure we’ll be quick okay how do you respond to the charge made by business groups that renewable portfolio requirements can drive up energy costs

And or a detriment to economic development efforts there are a lot of things driving up energy costs and it’s easy to point to almost anything even their lack of renewable energy as driving down costs we’re seeing oil shooting up in terms of cost we’re seeing other natural resources and

Fossil fuels shooting up and cost and the big concern here is not even the the gradual march up the cost scale of these things but the unpredictability of those of those those that those cost curves renewable energy is predictable and it allows us to generate energy in a way

That kind of helps shield us from some of the price fluctuations and the inevitable price increases of fossil fuels so having that as part of our portfolio is as much of a risk avoidance strategy as anything else as for the cost you know yes it wouldn’t make sense

To pay ten dollars a gallon for some clean fuel but we’re not there we’re way past that we’re way cheaper and you know on both the electricity production front and the transportation front we’re getting closer and closer every day to full cost competitiveness but as I said there are additional positive

Externalities to this approach the only thing I’d add to that is you know bad legislation causes bad results so I’d look at the the way the legislation’s created the that is properly incentivized and it leaves a lot of you know market flexibility um I think that’s that’s the

Challenge and again options for the producers of providers options for everyone in the system would be the way to go rather than a top-down authoritarian solution because it may not it may not be practical at the time in which it has to be installed so you know the legislation has to be crafted

On to allow folks in the industry to perform and make and make money ok i want to ask this one last question because this is up this is the kind of controversial question and then we’ll be done we have a governor in Maine that reject alternative clean energy except

For support for natural gas pipeline extensions we are a blue state hopefully green as well but opposition to wind power is flowing those initiatives as well any suggestions Brian Otis how we hopped right in there guys yeah well I was hobos you know I was gonna let Dave

Take it um no why you thinking about it I’ll just I Brian and I or do this presentation because we all we come from different perspectives politically and we don’t want to get that in the presentation but i’ll tell you right now that if places like Maine don’t and I’m

I’m on the red side of the scale if places like Maine don’t want to look at renewables as an opportunity then so be it but other places are going to find it to be profitable and appropriate as part of their portfolio it’s not going to replay in this my personal thing it’s

Not going to replace others i’m kinda i come from the perspective you know all of the above and we’re going to have a broad for you know a broad portfolio of energy sources but the folks that understand renewables are going to provide them in the portfolio are going to make money do

It and and and I really can’t stress enough that you know that the market forces be allowed to act appropriately in the system but that’s my perspective on a fri night the opportunity yeah and and and I’ll give you you know I was this is not a blue state perspective

This is my perspective and it’s shared by a lot of other folks Environmental Protection is just a small portion of the portfolio of reasons why we would pursue energy efficiency and renewable energy you know the combination of those are a powerful driver of potential economic growth job creation national

Security for sure I already talked about you know when we think about the Pentagon has a calculation for how many US soldiers will die for to get a particular tank of fossil fuels out into the environment that you’re out into their their their operating environment

You know to an outer base that’s why the Pentagon has focused so much on renewable energy for the field because they realized that they realized that US soldiers have to die differ to protect those convoys well that’s a microcosm the macrocosm is that the United States

Has have to make a lot of its foreign policy decisions related to oil and is a vulnerable pneus in this in this case so we need to from a economic development point perspective from a national security perspective and for an uncertainty perspective already tossed talked about the risk principle that is

Much lower with renewable energy than fossil fuels from all these different ways these are things are important to every state not blue states not red states and I think that you’re going to find that the states that hit that embrace this and utilize it and see it

Working for them are going to have a competitive edge and just to add to that brand you break up a great point about the the Army in the end the military my understanding is that they are going to be off grid or they need to be potentially off grid by 2035 from a

Security standpoint and one of the major elements in that strategy of being secure in the event of an emergency see or whatever and not being dependent on the on the overall grid is a significant portion of the portfolio being from renewable sources and I have a client who’s studying opportunities

With some of the local forts in the area and Fort Detrick here in Maryland is one of the leading on somebody brought up renewable I’m sorry recycling they’re one of the leading forts in the country in the Army for recycling so they’re taking it very seriously and um they see

Not only a cost benefit but a security benefits Brian had mentioned so you know we could probably learn a lot from their you know their strategic look at energy security okay well I want to thank I’ll personally thank both Brian and Dave for agreeing to be our first this is our 1st

Maryland ossining as part of our commitment to the webinar series and I think that they I’ve heard them heard their presentations before I think they do an excellent job and that mirrors the comment that I received just a couple of minutes ago this has been an excellent presentation these guys really know

Their information and I think that we can all agree that that’s true um so with that we’re going to wrap it up you have you notice the PowerPoint is going to be available to be downloaded and um if you have questions you have their web web addresses and you can go on their

Websites and access resources or contact them through their on their email addresses Brian and Dave did you want to say anything else nothing just that it’s been a pleasure and you know gave an hour both happy to talk any time with folks yeah thank you very much for the

Opportunity Jacqueline and to APA in general we appreciate it very much okay and I’m not sure exactly what we do now all right um thanks Jackie I’m going to take it back over here and I’m just going to go through some reminders for the attendees on how they can log their

Credits for attending today’s webinar thanks Dave and Brian for the present shouldn’t really was a great presentation all right well for those of you who are still in attendance I’m going to go through a few reminders about logging your CM credits for attending today’s webcast and you can go

To ww planning org slash cm and select today’s date which is january twentieth and select today’s webcast which is integrated clean energy technologies for sustainable communities and this webcast is available for one and a half cm credits also we are recording today’s webcast and it will be available along

With a six slide per page PDF of the presentation at ww utah APA org slash webcast archive and this does conclude today’s session and I want to thank everyone again for attending

ID: FRxh-P1Zu5Q
Time: 1343176186
Date: 2012-07-25 04:59:46
Duration: 01:38:05

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